Fig. 1

Mediation model. Path a depicts cross-sectional associations between wealth and financial-related discrimination, controlling for baseline psychological well-being related measures and sociodemographic covariates (age, sex, ethnicity, marital status, education, employment status, limiting illness status). Path b illustrates longitudinal associations between financial-related discrimination and psychological well-being related measures at 2-year and 4-year follow-ups, controlling for baseline psychological well-being and sociodemographic covariates. Path c’ represents the direct effect of wealth on psychological well-being related measures longitudinally, in an unmediated model. The indirect effect (path a × b) estimates the longitudinal effect of wealth on psychological well-being related measures via financial-related discrimination. Path c describes the total effect ((a × b) + c’), which estimates the sum of both the indirect and direct effects