Longitudinal association of grip strength with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in older urban Lithuanian population

Table 2 Grip strength (kg) means (SD), frequencies and their confidence intervals (CI) according to vital status of 45–72-year participants*

Grip strength	All participants		Vital	status
	at baseline	Alive	Dead from all causes of death	Dead from CVD	Dead from other than CVD causes of death
MEN	N = 3,139	N = 2,208	N = 931	N = 432	N = 499
Mean ± SD	48.1 ± 8.67	49.3 ± 8.30	44.3 ± 8.72 ^a	44.1 ± 9.22 ^b	44.5 ± 8.30 ^b
	min-max	%, CI	%, CI	%, CI	%, CI
1st tercile	2.5–43.0	58.5 (55.56–61.3)	41.5 (38.7–44.4)	19.5 (17.3–21.9)	22.0 (19.7–24.5)
2nd tercile	43.5–50.5	75.8 (73.3–78.2)	24.2 (21.8–26.7)	10.6 (8.9–12.5)	13.6 (11.7–15.6)
3rd tercile	51.0–77.0	84.4 (82.4–86.2)	15.6 (13.8–17.6)	7.1 (5.9–8.5)	8.5 (7.2–10.1)
WOMEN	N = 3,733	N = 3,161	N = 572	N = 266	N = 306
Mean ± SD	29.2 ± 6.09	29.6 ± 5.92	26.5 ± 6.62 ^a	25.2 ± 6.00 ^b	27.5 ± 6.89 ^{b, c}
	min-max	%, CI	%, CI	%, CI	%, CI
1st tercile	2.0–26.0	78.9 (76.7–81.0)	21.1 (19.0-23.3)	10.9 (9.4–12.7)	10.2 (8.7–11.9)
2nd tercile	26.5–31.0	87.7 (86.0-89.3)	12.3 (10.7–14.0)	5.2 (4.2–6.4)	7.1 (5.8–8.4)
3rd tercile	31.5–57.5	92.8 (91.5–94.0)	7.2 (6.0-8.5)	2.0 (1.4–2.8)	5.2 (4.2–6.3)

CVD: Cardiovascular Diseases, SD: Standard Deviation, CI: Confidence interval
^ap < 0.001 as compared to alive (T-test),
^bp < 0.001 as compared to alive; (ANOVA test; p values have been adjusted by the Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons)
*men and women in Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial Factors in Eastern Europe study, Kaunas sample

ISSN: 1471-2458