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Table 3 Association between hemoglobin levels (g/dL) and interquartile range (IQR) in annual average air pollution exposure

From: Association of ambient air pollution with hemoglobin levels and anemia in the general population of Korean adults

Exposure

Log (Hemoglobin level)

Crude model

Adjusted model 1†

Adjusted model 2† †

β (95% CI)

p

β (95% CI)

p

β (95% CI)

p

1-year

      

 PM10 (µg/m3)

-0.0007 (-0.0028, 0.0015)

0.5313

-0.0047 (-0.0063, -0.003)

< 0.0001

-0.0043 (-0.0059, -0.0027)

< 0.0001

 PM2.5 (µg/m3)

0.0024 (0.0007, 0.004)

0.0059

0.0003 (-0.0009, 0.00158)

0.6128

0.0006 (-0.0007, 0.0018)

0.3566

  SO2 (ppb)

-0.0011 (-0.002, -0.0003)

0.0053

-0.0016 (-0.0022, -0.001)

< 0.0001

-0.0015 (-0.002, -0.0009)

< 0.0001

  NO2 (ppb)

0.0031 (0.0007, 0.0057)

0.0145

0.0000 (-0.0025, 0.0024)

0.9678

0.0000 (-0.0023, 0.0025)

0.9432

  CO (ppb)

-0.0001 (-0.0024, 0.0021)

0.9071

-0.0058 (-0.0076. -0.0039)

< 0.0001

-0.0054 (-0.0072, -0.0036)

< 0.0001

2-years

      

 PM10 (µg/m3)

-0.0016 (-0.0036, 0.0004)

0.1121

-0.0056 (-0.0072, -0.0041)

< 0.0001

-0.0054 (-0.0069, -0.0038)

< 0.0001

 PM2.5 (µg/m3)

0.0024 (0.0006, 0.0042)

0.008

0.0000 (-0.0014, 0.0013)

0.9833

0.0002 (-0.0011, 0.0016)

0.7361

  SO2 (ppb)

-0.0012 (-0.002, -0.0004)

0.0051

-0.0017 (-0.0023, -0.0011)

< 0.0001

-0.0016 (-0.0023, -0.001)

< 0.0001

  NO2 (ppb)

0.0029 (0.0004, 0.0054)

0.0264

-0.0004 (-0.0028, 0.002)

0.7509

-0.0003 (-0.0027, 0.0021)

0.8019

  CO (ppb)

-0.0006 (-0.0029, 0.0016)

0.5895

-0.0065 (-0.0083, -0.0047)

< 0.0001

-0.0062 (-0.008, -0.0044)

< 0.0001

  1. PM10, particulate matter ≤ 10 μm in diameter; PM2.5, particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in diameter; SO2, sulfur dioxide; NO2, nitrogen dioxide; CO, carbon monoxide; CI: confidence interval
  2. †Adjusted model 1 includes the following variables: place of residence (urban vs. rural), age, sex, household income, education level, alcohol consumption, smoking status, physical activity, and occupation
  3. ††Adjusted model 2 includes the following variables: place of residence (urban vs. rural), age, sex, household income, education level, alcohol consumption, smoking status, physical activity, occupation, hypertension status, diabetes status, and obesity status (normal, overweight and obesity)
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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