Fig. 3

Country-specific covariates and their effects as identified by the model. The panels show the predicted growth rate in relation the four country-specific covariates included in the model. The GDP at purchasing parity power (ppp) per capita was log-transformed to account for the high skewness. The dark brown line is the median effect over all bootstrap samples, grey lines depict individual bootstrap samples, and the light brown line represents the complete training set