Table 4 AME of Cragg’s (1971) double-hurdle models. Models 3 and 4 include an interaction effect between gender and migration background

SES (z-score)

21.43^***

8.00^***

7.68^***

9.90^***

−0.46

−2.42

− 2.48

0.15

(1.87)

(1.88)

(1.85)

(1.86)

(1.44)

(1.51)

(1.51)

(1.52)

Opportunities (z-score)

13.78^***

14.14^***

12.17^***

5.64^***

5.82^***

4.67^**

(1.83)

(1.82)

(1.82)

(1.44)

(1.44)

(1.45)

Support (z-score)

37.39^***

37.09^***

37.75^***

3.96^**

3.70^*

3.81^**

(1.78)

(1.75)

(1.72)

(1.49)

(1.48)

(1.47)

Gender (female)

−45.53^***

−45.64^***

−12.34^***

−12.62^***

(3.42)

(3.34)

(2.79)

(2.76)

Migration background

−7.84

−5.55

−6.09

−3.54

(5.12)

(5.10)

(3.92)

(4.00)

 - 11-13

30.58^***

8.92^*

(4.29)

(3.51)

 - 14-17

24.46^***

18.16^***

(4.86)

(3.93)

 - 2001-2011

−17.30^***

−17.83^***

(4.29)

(3.48)

District size (20 k+)

5.48

−4.92

(3.60)

(2.85)

N

6100.00

6100.00

6100.00

6100.00

6044.00

6044.00

6044.00

6044.00