Table 2 Risk perception odds ratio estimates (OR¹ and OR) and OR 95% confidence interval (95% C.I. OR) of the multiple logistic regression model

 18–24

 25–34

1.04

0.878

(0.628–1.226)

0.445

1.32**

0.866

(0.641–1.168)

0.345

0.90

0.796

(0.603–1.049)

0.105

 35–44

0.84*

0.621

(0.415–0.929)

0.020

1.24*

0.638

(0.447–0.912)

0.014

0.7**

0.600

(0.45–0.8)

< 0.001

 45–54

0.47**

0.366

(0.234–0.571)

< 0.001

1.17

0.623

(0.417–0.931)

0.021

0.69**

0.659

(0.473–0.92)

0.014

 55–64

0.58**

0.436

(0.258–0.737)

0.002

0.87

0.438

(0.271–0.707)

0.001

0.61**

0.537

(0.351–0.822)

0.004

 65 years old and above

0.34**

0.313

(0.17–0.574)

< 0.001

0.65*

0.410

(0.224–0.75)

0.004

0.82

1.275

(0.733–2.215)

0.390

 Female

1.54**

1.704

(1.375–2.111)

< 0.001

0.97

0.96

 Single

 Married

0.92

1.586

(1.155–2.179)

0.004

1.18*

1.522

(1.157–2)

0.003

0.87*

 Separated/ Divorced

0.67*

0.938

(0.551–1.6)

0.816

1.5*

1.988

(1.22–3.24)

0.006

0.76*

 Widowed

0.70

0.846

(0.273–2.619)

0.771

1.06

1.706

(0.577–5.044)

0.334

0.65

 PhD

 Until Secondary/Equivalent

1.99**

0.57**

0.524

(0.349–0.788)

0.002

1.28*

1.217

(0.811–1.825)

0.342

 Pre-Univ.Diploma

1.56**

0.36**

0.340

(0.218–0.531)

< 0.001

1.22

1.413

(0.932–2.141)

0.104

 University

1.68**

0.68**

0.600

(0.458–0.785)

< 0.001

1.49**

1.503

(1.154–1.957)

0.003

 High Diploma

1.74*

0.89

0.807

(0.41–1.587)

0.534

0.62*

0.686

(0.338–1.392)

0.296

 Master

1.7**

1.01

0.852

(0.638–1.137)

0.276

1.68**

1.765

(1.326–2.35)

< 0.001

 Saudi

1.77**

1.433

(1.076–1.909)

0.014

1.01

1.22*

 Unemployed/Not working/Other

 Working/Student full time

1.25*

1.512

(1.11–2.059)

0.009

1.74**

1.348

(1.029–1.767)

0.030

1.67**

1.756

(1.348–2.287)

< 0.001

 Working part time

1.36*

1.630

(1.037–2.561)

0.034

1.13

0.981

(0.66–1.458)

0.926

1.01

1.077

(0.73–1.591)

0.708

 Retired

0.97

1.772

(1.055–2.976)

0.031

0.97

1.039

(0.643–1.679)

0.876

1.06

0.985

(0.616–1.577)

0.951

Healthcare worker

1.2*

1.73**

1.659

(1.304–2.111)

< 0.001

1.11

 Under 1333 USD per month

 1333 USD to 2666 USD per month

0.82

0.836

(0.468–1.496)

0.547

1.21

1.231

(0.772–1.96)

0.382

1.09

1.160

(0.732–1.837)

0.527

 2666.67 USD to 3999.74 USD per month

0.84

0.885

(0.507–1.544)

0.666

1.43*

1.485

(0.956–2.307)

0.078

1.07

1.167

(0.757–1.799)

0.483

 4000 USD to 5333.07 USD per month

0.68*

0.721

(0.408–1.275)

0.261

1.6**

1.440

(0.912–2.272)

0.117

0.90

1.061

(0.677–1.663)

0.795

 5333.34 USD to 6666.41 USD per month

0.46**

0.462

(0.257–0.831)

0.010

2.05**

1.926

(1.19–3.116)

0.008

1.01

1.159

(0.72–1.865)

0.543

 6666.67 USD and over per month

0.55**

0.582

(0.339–0.999)

0.050

1.84**

1.681

(1.094–2.582)

0.018

1.53**

1.838

(1.203–2.808)

0.005

 Don’t know/ Prefer not to say

0.58**

0.639

(0.373–1.095)

0.103

1.16

1.190

(0.774–1.83)

0.429

0.81

0.833

(0.546–1.272)

0.398

 Fairly or Very poor/ Prefer not to say

 Very good

2.29**

1.639

(0.961–2.796)

0.070

1.29

1.53*

1.674

(1.015–2.761)

0.044

 Fairly good

1.94**

1.321

(0.748–2.334)

0.338

1.53*

2.42**

2.407

(1.416–4.092)

0.001

 Neither good or poor

6.5**

4.098

(1.566–10.723)

0.004

1.88*

2.76**

2.803

(1.371–5.732)

0.005

At Least One Chronic Health Conditions Currently

1.05

1.11*

1.45**

1.445

(1.207–1.729)

< 0.001

Chronic Condition in Members of the Household or Those Under Your Care

1.29**

1.25**

1.268

(1.06–1.517)

0.010

1.25**

At Least One Respiratory/ Cold/ Flu-like Symptom

1.18*

1.247

(0.973–1.597)

0.081

1.38**

1.439

(1.171–1.769)

0.001

1.36**

1.213

(0.984–1.496)

0.070