Table 1 Baseline participant characteristics overall and by arm in San Jose, California (n = 207)*
| Â | Total | Enhanced intervention | Standard intervention |
|---|---|---|---|
n = 207 | n = 105 | n = 102 | |
Sociodemographic characteristics | |||
 Age, years, mean ± SD | 52.0 ± 13.3 | 52.1 ± 13.8 | 51.9 ± 12.8 |
 Female | 78.7% | 79.0% | 78.4% |
 Indigenous Person (IP)a | 97.1% | 98.1% | 96.1% |
Race | |||
 IP US, Canada | 45.4% | 49.5% | 41.2% |
 IP Mexica, Central America, South America | 30.0% | 28.6% | 31.4% |
 IP Mixed Ancestry | 24.6% | 21.9% | 27.4% |
Ethnicity | |||
 Hispanic | 53.6% | 54.3% | 52.9% |
 Non-Hispanic | 46.4% | 45.7% | 47.1% |
Income, n = 205 (103, 102) | |||
  < $20,000 | 37.5% | 35.9% | 39.2% |
 $20,000 - $50,000 | 35.7% | 38.9% | 32.3% |
 $50,000+ | 26.8% | 25.3% | 28.5% |
Education | |||
  < High school graduate (0–11 years) | 13.5% | 16.2% | 10.8% |
 High school graduate (12 years) | 20.8% | 19.0% | 22.5% |
 Some college (1–3 years) | 44.0% | 44.8% | 43.1% |
 College graduate (4 or more years) | 12.6% | 11.4% | 13.7% |
 Graduate degree | 9.2% | 8.6% | 9.8% |
Behavioral characteristics | |||
 Healthy Food Score tertiles | |||
  9–21 | 35.8% | 34.3% | 37.3% |
  22–26 | 43.5% | 44.8% | 42.2% |
  27–32 | 20.8% | 20.9% | 20.6% |
Unhealthy Food Score tertiles | |||
 14–31 | 33.3% | 36.2% | 30.4% |
 32–39 | 37.7% | 40.9% | 34.3% |
 39–58 | 29.0% | 22.9% | 35.3% |
Physical Activity, n = 194 (98, 96) | |||
  < 500 MET-Minutes/Week | 52.1% | 54.1% | 50.0% |
 500–1000 MET-Minutes/Week | 20.0% | 19.4% | 20.8% |
  > 1000 MET-Minutes/Week | 27.8% | 26.5% | 29.2% |
Hazardous drinking - AUDIT-C | 13.5% | 12.4% | 14.7% |
PROMIS sleep disturbance T score, mean ± SD, n = 203 (103, 100) | 52.9 ± 9.4 | 53.1 ± 8.6 | 52.7 ± 10.1 |
PROMIS sleep-related impairment T score, mean ± SD, n = 192 (98, 94) | 46.7 ± 7.9 | 47.0 ± 8.1 | 46.3 ± 7.7 |
Clinical characteristics | |||
 BMI (men), kg/m2, mean ± SD | 37.5 ± 6.6 | 39.5 ± 7.8 | 35.5 ± 4.7 |
 BMI (women), kg/m2, mean ± SD | 37.2 ± 6 | 37.2 ± 6.2 | 37.1 ± 5.8 |
 Weight (men), lb., mean ± SD | 248.8 ± 59 | 262.9 ± 67.1 | 234.6 ± 47.1 |
 Weight (women), lb., mean ± SD | 204 ± 35.3 | 206.6 ± 37.9 | 201.2 ± 32.3 |
 Waist circumference (men), in, mean ± SD | 47.8 ± 6.5 | 49.1 ± 7.3 | 46.5 ± 5.5 |
 Waist circumference (women), in, mean ± SD, n = 160 (82, 78) | 46.2 ± 5.4 | 45.9 ± 5.6 | 46.5 ± 5.1 |
 SBP, mm Hg, mean ± SD | 123.6 ± 17.1 | 123.4 ± 17.2 | 123.8 ± 17.1 |
 DBP, mm Hg, mean ± SD | 77.9 ± 11.9 | 78.5 ± 11.9 | 77.3 ± 11.9 |
 Fasting glucose, mg/dL, mean ± SD | 100.7 ± 10.7 | 101.2 ± 10.9 | 100.1 ± 10.5 |
 HDL, mg/dL, mean ± SD | 49.9 ± 14.7 | 49.7 ± 15 | 50.1 ± 14.5 |
 LDL, mg/dL, mean ± SD | 101.5 ± 29.1 | 103.5 ± 31 | 99.5 ± 27 |
 Triglycerides, mg/dL, mean ± SD | 142.2 ± 82.1 | 134.8 ± 69.4 | 149.7 ± 93.1 |
Psychosocial characteristics | |||
 Depression –CES-D, mean ± SD | 14 ± 11 | 13.1 ± 9.8 | 14.9 ± 12.1 |
 Depressed (CES-D ≥ 16) | 34.3% | 31.4% | 37.3% |
 PTSD - PCL-C, mean ± SD, n = 198 (102, 96) | 30.1 ± 12.4 | 29.5 ± 11.7 | 30.7 ± 13 |
Food Security | |||
 Very Low Security | 16.4% | 17.1% | 15.7% |
 Low Security | 25.1% | 21.9% | 28.4% |
 High Security | 58.5% | 61.0% | 55.9% |
Empowerment | |||
 Emotional empowerment | 46.4 ± 9.1 | 46.3 ± 8.7 | 46.5 ± 9.6 |
  Inner peace | 27.2 ± 5.4 | 27.2 ± 5.1 | 27.1 ± 5.8 |
  Self-capacity | 11.6 ± 2.7 | 11.5 ± 2.7 | 11.7 ± 2.6 |
 Scenarios | 60.1 ± 13 | 59.8 ± 13.1 | 60.4 ± 12.9 |
  Healing | 35.9 ± 7.6 | 35.9 ± 7.5 | 35.8 ± 7.7 |
  Connection | 24.2 ± 6.4 | 23.9 ± 6.6 | 24.6 ± 6.1 |