Table 3 New episodes of specialist treatment for substance use problems by source of referral, TDI surveillance, Belgium 2016–7 (N = 16,543)
Non-GP caregiver n = 12,028 | GP n = 4515 | Adjusted OR (95% CI) for referral by GP (versus non-GP caregiver) (n = 12,032) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n/N | %(95% CI) | n/N | %(95% CI) | ||
Sex: man | 8489/12,013 | 70.7 (69.8–71.5) | 2987/4510 | 66.2 (64.8–67.6) | Removed b |
Age ≥ median | 5659/11,999 | 47.2 (46.3–48.1) | 2668/4507 | 59.2 (57.7–60.6) | 1.25 (1.13–1.38) |
Secondary educational level or higher | 6840/9896 | 69,1 (68.2–70.0) | 3172/3981 | 79,7 (78.4–80.9) | 1.27 (1.15–1.41) |
Recently employed | 2000/10,788 | 18.5 (17.8–19.3) | 1394/4201 | 33.2 (31.8–34.6) | 1.71 (1.56–1.88) |
Recent stable accommodation | 8846/11,736 | 75.4 (74.6–76.2) | 4229/4483 | 94.3 (93.6–95.0) | 3.62 (3.08–4.26) |
First treatment | 3183/11,654 | 27.3 (26.5–28.1) | 1904/4385 | 43.4 (41.9–44.9) | 1.72 (1.57–1.87) |
Type of substance use | |||||
Street drugs minus cannabis primarily (III-b) | 4748/12,028 | 39.5 (38.5–40.3) | 1174/4515 | 26.0 (24.7–27.3) | reference |
Alcohol only (I) | 4827/12,028 | 40.1 (39.3–41.0) | 2527/4515 | 56.0 (54.5–57.4) | 1.10 (0.94–1.29) |
Pharmaceuticals (and alcohol) (II) | 799/12,028 | 6.6 (6.2–7.1) | 391/4515 | 8.7 (7.9–9.5) | 1.24 (1.04–1.48) |
Cannabis only/primarily (III-a) | 1654/12,028 | 13.8 (13.1–14.4) | 423/4515 | 9.4 (8.5–10.3) | 0.73 (0.62–0.86) |
Mono substance use | 7155/12,028 | 59.5 (58.6–60.4) | 3272/4515 | 72.5 (71.1–73.8) | 1.23 (1.04–1.48) |
First use of primary/only substance at ≥17 years | 4668/8475 | 55.1 (54.0–56.1) | 1896/3067 | 61.8 (60.1–63.5) | a |
Recent daily use of primary/only substance | 6372/11,308 | 56.3 (55.4–57.3) | 2927/4268 | 68.6 (67.2–70.0) | 1.46 (1.33–1.59) |
Type of treatment | a | ||||
Outpatient treatment | 4022/11,920 | 33.7 (32.9–34.6) | 1232/4515 | 27.3 (26.0–28.6) | |
Inpatient, non-hospital | 1928/11,920 | 16.2 (15.5–16.8) | 136/4515 | 3.0 (2.5–3.6) | |
Psychiatric hospital | 2914/11,920 | 24.4 (23.7–25.2) | 983/4515 | 21.8 (20.6–23.0) | |
General hospital/psychiatry | 3056/11,920 | 25.6 (24.9–26.4) | 2164/4515 | 47.9 (46.5–49.4) | |
Region of SGP | |||||
Flemish | 7180/12,028 | 59.7 (58.8–60.6) | 2756/4515 | 61.0 (59.6–62.5) | Removed b |
Walloon | 3133/12,028 | 26.0 (25.3–26.8) | 1362/4515 | 30.2 (28.8–31.5) | |
Brussels | 1715/12,028 | 14.3 (13.6–14.9) | 397/4515 | 8.8 (8.0–9.7) | |