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Table 2 Daily levels and patterns of physical activity and sedentary time

From: Objectively-measured sedentary time and physical activity in a bi-ethnic sample of young children: variation by socio-demographic, temporal and perinatal factors

 

Characteristic

Sedentary time (%)

p-value

Light activity (%)

p-value

MVPA (%)

p-value

Vector Magnitude (CPM)

p-value

South Asian (participants: 202; time-points: 380; 2011 days)

Overall

48.6 (47.6 to 49.7)

Ref

42.2 (41.4 to 43.0)

Ref

8.0 (7.6 to 8.6)

Ref

1392.9 (1353.3 to 1432.4)

Ref

Sex

 Boys

48.2 (46.8 to 49.5)

Ref

41.8 (40.7 to 42.8)

Ref

8.9 (8.2 to 9.7)

Ref

1444.2 (1391.7 to 1496.6)

Ref

 Girls

49.5 (48.2 to 50.8)

0.18

42.3 (41.3 to 43.3)

0.46

7.1 (6.6 to 7.7)

< 0.001

1330.3 (1279.8 to 1380.7)

0.003

Age (y)

 2

50.7 (48.8 to 52.5)

 

41.7 (40.3 to 43.2)

 

6.5 (5.8 to 7.3)

 

1285.7 (1213.8 to 1357.5)

 

 3

49.5 (48.4 to 50.5)

p-trend

42.0 (41.1 to 42.8)

p-trend

7.4 (7.0 to 7.9)

p-trend

1351.2 (1311.3 to 1391.1)

p-trend

 4

48.3 (47.1 to 49.4)

0.036

42.2 (41.3 to 43.0)

0.63

8.4 (7.9 to 9.0)

< 0.001

1416.8 (1375.0 to 1458.5)

0.003

Area deprivation

 Most deprived 10%

49.1 (48.0 to 50.2)

Ref

41.9 (41.0 to 42.7)

Ref

7.9 (7.4 to 8.4)

Ref

1377.8 (1337.5 to 1418.1)

Ref

 > 10 to 30%

47.6 (45.5 to 49.8)

0.23

42.9 (41.3 to 44.6)

0.24

8.2 (7.2 to 9.2)

0.61

1418.8 (1338.3 to 1499.3)

0.38

 > 30%

50.1 (46.0 to 54.2)

0.65

41.6 (38.5 to 44.8)

0.89

7.4 (5.9 to 9.3)

0.60

1324.8 (1172.8 to 1476.9)

0.51

Annual income (£)

 <£6999

47.9 (45.8 to 50.0)

Ref

43.2 (41.4 to 45.0)

Ref

7.9 (7.2 to 8.8)

Ref

1389.2 (1320.6 to 1457.9)

Ref

 £7000 to £16,999

48.5 (46.9 to 50.1)

0.71

42.1 (40.9 to 43.3)

0.37

8.2 (7.5 to 9.0)

0.62

1405.0 (1345.3 to 1464.6)

0.76

 ≥£17,000

51.5 (48.9 to 54.0)

0.050

40.0 (38.0 to 42.0)

0.032

7.1 (6.1 to 8.2)

0.24

1323.2 (1229.2 to 1417.2)

0.29

Weight status

 Underweight

49.5 (45.7 to 53.3)

0.72

41.1 (38.2 to 44.0)

0.52

8.0 (6.3 to 10.1)

0.89

1398.7 (1261.0 to 1536.4)

0.84

 Healthy weight

48.8 (47.8 to 49.9)

Ref

42.1 (41.3 to 42.9)

Ref

7.9 (7.4 to 8.4)

Ref

1384.3 (1345.3 to 1423.3)

Ref

 Overweight / obese

49.0 (46.7 to 51.3)

0.88

42.2 (40.4 to 44.0)

0.95

7.9 (6.9 to 9.0)

0.99

1367.9 (1284.2 to 1451.7)

0.73

Type of day

 Weekday

49.2 (48.3 to 50.2)

Ref

42.0 (41.3 to 42.7)

Ref

7.7 (7.3 to 8.1)

Ref

1360.2 (1325.1 to 1395.3)

Ref

 Weekend

47.7 (46.7 to 48.8)

< 0.001

42.3 (41.5 to 43.1)

0.27

8.7 (8.2 to 9.3)

< 0.001

1452.2 (1412.7 to 1491.8)

< 0.001

Season

 Winter

52.4 (50.6 to 54.2)

Ref

39.4 (38.0 to 40.9)

Ref

6.9 (6.2 to 7.8)

Ref

1262.5 (1197.2 to 1327.8)

Ref

 Spring

48.4 (46.5 to 50.4)

0.002

42.1 (40.6 to 43.6)

0.008

8.3 (7.4 to 9.3)

0.025

1413.3 (1342.9 to 1483.6)

0.001

 Summer

47.2 (45.5 to 48.8)

< 0.001

43.3 (42.0 to 44.6)

< 0.001

8.5 (7.7 to 9.4)

0.004

1444.9 (1385.2 to 1504.6)

< 0.001

 Autumn

48.3 (47.0 to 49.6)

< 0.001

42.6 (41.6 to 43.6)

< 0.001

7.9 (7.3 to 8.5)

0.051

1391.3 (1342.1 to 1440.5)

< 0.001

Birth weight

 Low

49.7 (46.5 to 52.9)

0.83

42.1 (39.6 to 44.6)

0.86

7.3 (6.0 to 8.8)

0.65

1315.1 (1195.7 to 1434.5)

0.46

 Normal

49.3 (47.8 to 50.7)

Ref

41.9 (40.7 to 43.0)

Ref

7.6 (7.0 to 8.3)

Ref

1366.4 (1312.8 to 1419.9)

Ref

 High

46.7 (43.3 to 50.0)

0.17

42.7 (40.4 to 45.1)

0.51

9.6 (7.8 to 11.7)

0.046

1510.1 (1371.1 to 1649.1)

0.062

Maternal delivery age (y)

 < 25

47.7 (45.4 to 50.1)

Ref

42.9 (41.1 to 44.8)

Ref

8.2 (7.2 to 9.4)

Ref

1414.6 (1328.1 to 1501.1)

Ref

 ≥25 to < 30

48.0 (46.5 to 49.5)

0.87

42.4 (41.2 to 43.5)

0.61

8.6 (7.9 to 9.4)

0.60

1429.4 (1371.5 to 1487.3)

0.78

 ≥30

50.5 (48.8 to 52.2)

0.069

41.3 (40.0 to 42.6)

0.16

7.0 (6.4 to 7.7)

0.057

1313.3 (1251.4 to 1375.2)

0.071

White British (participants: 140; time-points: 220; days: 1170)

Overall

49.8 (48.5 to 51.2)

0.22

41.5 (40.4 to 42.5)

0.28

7.5 (6.9 to 8.1)

0.22

1349.5 (1297.7 to 1401.4)

0.24

Sex

 Boys

49.7 (48.0 to 51.4)

Ref

41.0 (39.8 to 42.3)

Ref

8.0 (7.2 to 8.9)

Ref

1381.1 (1321.5 to 1440.7)

Ref

 Girls

48.9 (47.0 to 50.7)

0.55

42.6 (41.2 to 44.0)

0.10

7.4 (6.6 to 8.3)

0.28

1355.7 (1290.4 to 1421.1)

0.59

Age (y)

 2

52.8 (50.6 to 55.0)

 

40.1 (38.5 to 41.8)

 

6.0 (5.3 to 6.9)

 

1217.7 (1141.3 to 1294.1)

 

 3

49.9 (48.7 to 51.1)

 

41.5 (40.6 to 42.4)

 

7.4 (6.9 to 8.0)

 

1344.4 (1301.1 to 1387.7)

 

 4

47.0 (45.2 to 48.7)

< 0.001

42.9 (41.5 to 44.2)

0.027

9.1 (8.1 to 10.2)

< 0.001

1471.1 (1408.5 to 1533.8)

< 0.001

Area deprivation

 Most deprived 10%

49.4 (47.5 to 51.2)

Ref

41.8 (40.4 to 43.2)

Ref

7.7 (6.9 to 8.7)

Ref

1365.5 (1300.2 to 1430.7)

Ref

 > 10 to 30%

49.6 (47.4 to 51.7)

0.91

41.7 (40.1 to 43.4)

0.97

7.4 (6.5 to 8.5)

0.69

1360.6 (1284.1 to 1437.0)

0.93

 > 30%

48.9 (46.1 to 51.6)

0.76

41.8 (39.7 to 43.9)

0.99

8.2 (6.9 to 9.8)

0.56

1391.3 (1294.5 to 1488.1)

0.67

Annual income (£)

 <£6999

48.9 (46.6 to 51.1)

Ref

42.2 (40.5 to 44.0)

Ref

7.4 (6.4 to 8.7)

Ref

1383.9 (1302.4 to 1465.5)

Ref

 £7000 to £16,999

50.0 (46.5 to 53.5)

0.60

41.5 (38.9 to 44.1)

0.65

7.3 (5.8 to 9.2)

0.92

1337.3 (1213.3 to 1461.4)

0.55

 ≥£17,000

49.5 (47.5 to 51.5)

0.70

41.4 (39.9 to 43.0)

0.54

8.1 (7.1 to 9.3)

0.47

1367.8 (1296.2 to 1439.4)

0.79

Weight status

 Underweight

51.3 (43.7 to 58.8)

0.68

41.3 (35.6 to 46.9)

0.94

5.7 (3.0 to 10.9)

0.37

1254.6 (992.1 to 1517.1)

0.45

 Healthy weight

49.7 (48.2 to 51.1)

Ref

41.5 (40.4 to 42.6)

Ref

7.7 (7.0 to 8.4)

Ref

1357.2 (1306.5 to 1407.9)

Ref

 Overweight / obese

48.2 (45.8 to 50.7)

0.32

42.5 (40.7 to 44.4)

0.34

8.0 (6.8 to 9.5)

0.66

1413.1 (1325.4 to 1500.7)

0.29

Type of day

 Weekday

49.4 (48.2 to 50.6)

Ref

41.9 (41.0 to 42.8)

Ref

7.6 (7.0 to 8.2)

Ref

1356.2 (1313.0 to 1399.4)

Ref

 Weekend

49.2 (47.7 to 50.6)

0.68

41.3 (40.2 to 42.4)

0.17

8.3 (7.6 to 9.1)

< 0.001

1412.8 (1361.9 to 1463.6)

0.002

Season

 Winter

51.0 (49.0 to 53.0)

Ref

40.6 (39.0 to 42.2)

Ref

7.1 (6.2 to 8.1)

Ref

1313.3 (1242.8 to 1383.9)

Ref

 Spring

48.3 (46.3 to 50.3)

0.039

42.2 (40.7 to 43.7)

0.10

8.5 (7.5 to 9.6)

0.034

1408.4 (1340.0 to 1476.9)

0.034

 Summer

48.6 (46.5 to 50.8)

0.098

42.9 (41.3 to 44.6)

0.033

7.5 (6.6 to 8.6)

0.54

1382.1 (1307.8 to 1456.4)

0.16

 Autumn

49.4 (47.4 to 51.3)

0.19

41.5 (40.0 to 43.0)

0.35

7.8 (6.9 to 8.8)

0.26

1370.6 (1303.0 to 1438.3)

0.18

Birth weight

 Low

49.5 (42.8 to 56.3)

0.89

42.0 (37.0 to 47.0)

0.81

6.8 (4.3 to 10.9)

0.74

1356.2 (1114.7 to 1597.7)

0.90

 Normal

50.0 (47.9 to 52.1)

Ref

41.3 (39.8 to 42.9)

Ref

7.4 (6.5 to 8.5)

Ref

1340.0 (1263.2 to 1416.9)

Ref

 High

48.5 (46.1 to 51.0)

0.42

42.2 (40.4 to 43.9)

0.53

8.2 (7.1 to 9.6)

0.35

1403.6 (1311.6 to 1495.7)

0.37

Maternal delivery age (y)

 < 25

48.0 (46.0 to 50.0)

Ref

42.7 (41.2 to 44.1)

Ref

8.3 (7.3 to 9.3)

Ref

1425.6 (1357.3 to 1493.8)

Ref

 ≥25 to < 30

50.8 (48.5 to 53.1)

0.068

40.3 (38.5 to 42.1)

0.047

7.4 (6.4 to 8.6)

0.26

1338.7 (1256.3 to 1421.1)

0.12

 ≥30

49.8 (47.5 to 52.1)

0.24

41.8 (40.0 to 43.5)

0.46

7.4 (6.4 to 8.6)

0.30

1327.6 (1244.0 to 1411.2)

0.086

  1. Statistical analyses performed on multiple (n = 60) imputed datasets using multilevel linear regression to account for clustering of days within time-points and children. Overall estimates are from analyses of the total sample with ethnic group modelled as an independent variable, p-values represent differences compared to the South Asian ethnic group. Otherwise all analyses were stratified by South Asian (202 children; 380 time-points; 2011 days) and white British (140 children; 220 time-points; 1170 days) ethnic groups. All factors were mutually adjusted for one another except area deprivation and annual income which occupied separate models. South Asian ethnicity includes Pakistani (n = 154), Bangladeshi (n = 21), Indian (n = 4), and ‘Other South Asian’ including country of origin unknown (n = 23). MVPA, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity
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