Social participation in older women and men: differences in community activities and barriers according to region and population size in Canada

Naud, Daniel; Généreux, Mélissa; Bruneau, Jean-François; Alauzet, Aline; Levasseur, Mélanie

doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7462-1

Table 3 Social participation by population size group and gender

From: Social participation in older women and men: differences in community activities and barriers according to region and population size in Canada

Activity	Population size group
	Rural			Small			Medium			Large			Metropolitan			Canada
	n = 2620			n = 619			n = 1855			n = 3808			n = 7372			n = 16,274
	W	M	Total	W	M	Total	W	M	Total	W	M	Total	W	M	Total	W	M	Total
	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%
	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]
Family / friends	4.7^ab	4.6^ab	4.7^AB	5.3^ab	5.6^ab	5.4^AB	5.4^a	5.7^a	5.6^B	5.3^a	5.2^a	5.2^B	4.4^b	4.3^b	4.4^A	4.8	4.8	4.8
Family / friends	[4.2,5.3]	[4.3,4.9]	[4.4,5]	[4.6,6.0]	[4.5,6.6]	[4.8,6.1]	[5.1,5.8]	[5.1,6.4]	[5.2,6.0]	[5.0,5.6]	[4.8,6.0]	[5.0,5.5]	[4.2,4.6]	[4.1,4.5]	[4.2,4.5]	[4.7,5.0]	[4.6,4.9]	[4.7,4.9]
Religious	2.9^a	2.3^a††	2.6^A	2.8^a	2.3^a	2.6^A	3.1^a	2.7^a	2.9^A	2.8^a	2.4^a†	2.6^A	2.7^a	2.6^a	2.6^A	2.8	2.5^†††	2.7
Religious	[2.6,3.2]	[2.0,2.6]	[2.4,2.8]	[2.4,3.0]	[1.6,2.9]	[2.2,3.0]	[2.8,3.4]	[2.3,3.1]	[2.7,3.0]	[2.6,3.0]	[2.1,3.0]	[2.5,2.8]	[2.5,2.8]	[2.4,2.8]	[2.5,2.8]	[2.7,2.9]	[2.3,2.6]	[2.6,2.7]
Physical	2.0^a	2.4^ab	2.2^A	2.0^a	1.7^a	1.9^A	2.4^a	2.9^b	2.6^A	2.1^a	2.6^b††	2.3^A	2.3^a	2.2^ab	2.3^A	2.2	2.4^†	2.3
Physical	[1.6,2.4]	[1.9,2.9]	[1.8,2.5]	[1.3,3.0]	[1.2,2.1]	[1.4,2.4]	[2.0,2.8]	[2.4,3.4]	[2.3,3.0]	[1.8,2.3]	[2.3,3.0]	[2.1,2.5]	[2.0,2.5]	[2.0,2.5]	[2.1,2.4]	[2.0,2.3]	[2.2,2.6]	[2.2,2.4]
Volunteering	1.6^a	1.4^a	1.5^A	1.4^a	1.5^a	1.4^A	1.6^a	1.8^a	1.7^A	1.5^a	1.7^a	1.6^A	1.2^a	1.2^a	1.2^A	1.4	1.4	1.4
Volunteering	[1.2,1.9]	[1.1,1.7]	[1.3,1.7]	[1.0,2.0]	[1.1,1.9]	[1.2,1.7]	[1.2,2.0]	[1.3,2.3]	[1.4,2.0]	[1.3,1.6]	[1.4,2.0]	[1.4,1.7]	[1.1,1.3]	[1.0,1.3]	[1.1,1.3]	[1.3,1.5]	[1.3,1.5]	[1.3,1.5]
Educational	0.8^a	0.8^a	0.8^A	1.3^a	0.9^a	1.1^A	1.1^a	1.0^a	1.0^A	1.0^a	1.0^a	1.0^A	1.1^a	1.0^a	1.1^A	1.1	1.0	1.0
Educational	[0.7,1.0]	[0.7,1.0]	[0.7,0.9]	[0.8,2.0]	[0.7,1.1]	[0.9,1.4]	[0.9,1.2]	[0.9,1.1]	[0.9,1.0]	[0.9,1.1]	[0.8,1.0]	[0.9,1.0]	[1.0,1.3]	[0.9,1.1]	[1.0,1.2]	[1.0,1.1]	[0.9,1.0]	[1.0,1.1]
Associations	0.8^a	0.9^a	0.9^A	0.8^a	0.7^a	0.8^A	0.8^a	0.9^a	0.9^A	1.0^a	1.0^a	1.0^A	0.8^a	0.8^a	0.8^A	0.9	0.9	0.9
Associations	[0.7,1.0]	[0.7,1.1]	[0.7,1.0]	[0.6,1.0]	[0.3,1.1]	[0.5,1.0]	[0.7,1.0]	[0.6,1.2]	[0.7,1.0]	[0.8,1.1]	[0.8,1.0]	[0.9,1.1]	[0.7,1.0]	[0.7,0.9]	[0.7,0.9]	[0.8,0.9]	[0.8,0.9]	[0.8,0.9]
Clubs	1.0^a	1.0^a	1.0^A	0.7^a	1.0^a	0.8^A	0.8^a	1.5^a†††	1.1^A	0.8^a	0.9^a	0.9^A	0.7^a	0.7^a	0.7^A	0.8	0.9	0.8
Clubs	[0.8,1.1]	[0.7,1.2]	[0.8,1.1]	[0.4,1.0]	[0.4,1.6]	[0.5,1.1]	[0.7,0.9]	[1.0,2.0]	[0.9,1.0]	[0.7,0.9]	[0.8,1.0]	[0.8,1.0]	[0.6,0.8]	[0.6,0.8]	[0.6,0.8]	[0.7,0.8]	[0.8,1.0]	[0.8,0.9]
Other recreational	1.7^a	1.5^a	1.6^A	1.9^a	1.3^a††	1.6^A	1.9^a	1.8^a	1.9^A	1.8^a	1.8^a	1.8^A	1.6^a	1.2^a††	1.4^A	1.7	1.5^††	1.6
Other recreational	[1.4,2.0]	[1.2,1.8]	[1.4,1.8]	[1.5,2.0]	[0.9,1.6]	[1.3,1.9]	[1.7,2.2]	[1.5,2.1]	[1.7,2.0]	[1.6,2.0]	[1.6,2.0]	[1.7,2.0]	[1.4,1.7]	[1.1,1.4]	[1.3,1.5]	[1.6,1.8]	[1.4,1.6]	[1.5,1.7]
Total	15.4^a	14.5^ab	15.0^AB	16.0^a	14.7^ab	15.4^AB	16.9^a	18.1^a	17.4^B	16.0^a	16.4^a	16.2^B	14.6^a	13.9^b	14.3^A	15.4	15.1	15.2
Total	[14.2,16.7]	[13.4,15.6]	[14.1,15.9]	[14.3,18.0]	[12.8,16.6]	[14.2,16.6]	[15.8,18.0]	[16.5,19.8]	[16.5,18.0]	[15.4,16.7]	[15.4,17.0]	[15.6,16.8]	[13.8,15.4]	[13.2,14.6]	[13.7,14.9]	[14.9,15.9]	[14.6,15.5]	[14.9,15.6]

Cells that share a letter are not significantly different (p > 0.05, Bonferroni adjusted): lowercase between W/Population size group; lowercase italic between M/Population size group; uppercase between Population size group. † Men are significantly different than women († p < 0.05, †† p < 0.01, ††† p < 0.001). n is the unweighted sample size after removing missing observations

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