Table 4 Parameter estimates of main effects for stunting of children using GLMM
From: Understanding correlates of child stunting in Ethiopia using generalized linear mixed models
Covariates | Estimates | S.E | 95% CI | OR | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intercept | −2.16258 | 0.24340 | (−3.380, −2.002) | 0.115 | < 0.001 *** |
Child age (ref = 0–11 months) | |||||
12–23 months | 1.71504 | 0.15198 | (1.413, 2.001) | 5.556 | < 0.001 *** |
24–59 months | 2.01208 | 0.13679 | (1.746, 2.228) | 7.479 | < 0.001 *** |
Preceding birth interval(ref = < 24) | |||||
24–47 months | 0.02248 | 0.16779 | (−0.307, 0.351) | 1.023 | 0.893 |
48 and above months | 0.29244 | 0.18766 | (− 0.055, 0.680) | 1.34 | 0.119 |
Sex of child (Female) | − 0.17457 | 0.04912 | (−0.271, − 0.079) | 0.84 | < 0.001 *** |
BMI (less than 18.5) | − 0.20876 | 0.05841 | (−1.064, − 0.200) | 0.812 | < 0.001 *** |
Wealth index (ref = poor) | |||||
Middle | −0.23438 | 0.08017 | (−0.399, − 0.084) | 0.791 | < 0.001 *** |
Rich | − 0.43440 | 0.07681 | (−0.571, − 0.256) | 0.648 | < 0.001 *** |
Mother education (ref = no education) | |||||
Primary | −0.14040 | 0.06230 | (−0.251, − 0.006) | 0.869 | 0.024 * |
Secondary and higher | −0.44999 | 0.11318 | (− 0.636, − 0.186) | 0.638 | < 0.001 *** |
Breast (No) | 0.20309 | 0.05585 | (0.093, 0.312) | 1.225 | < 0.001 *** |
Types of toilet facility (ref = flush) | |||||
Latrine | 0.33974 | 0.16403 | (0.006, 0.638) | 1.405 | 0.038 * |
No facility | 0.42179 | 0.16824 | (0.064, 0.726) | 1.523 | 0.012* |
Use of internet (Yes) | −0.83650 | 0.24302 | (−1.289, − 0.332) | 0.433 | < 0.001 *** |
Source of drinking water (ref = piped) | |||||
Public tap | 00.17173 | 0.17386 | (−0.668, 0.219) | 1.187 | 0.323 |
Protected spring | 0.05793 | 0.24192 | (−0.903, 0.165) | 1.059 | 0.810 |
Other | 0.29269 | 0.17915 | (−0.608, 0.311) | 1.340 | 0.102 |