Fig. 3

Monthly direct medical costs (Int$ 2014) by CVD category (n = 31 studies). For each CVD category and economic perspective (Panel a) or study scope (Panel b), the boxplot represents cost estimates from individual studies (circles), the sub-group median (vertical line in solid box), inter-quartile range IQR (distance between lower and upper hinges, which correspond to the first and third quartile) and the upper (lower) whisker extends from the hinge to the largest (lowest) observed value no further than 1.5 * IQR from the hinge