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Table 1 Application of the Five Ways in Haven Green space intervention

From: A haven of green space: learning from a pilot pre-post evaluation of a school-based social and therapeutic horticulture intervention with children

Five Ways Action

Application in Haven Green Space

Connect: to those around you and to the natural environment

• Children engaging in shared activities in pairs and full groups.

• Taking care of and connecting to the school’s green space environment, including recognising areas that lacked greenery and working to improve this.

• Connecting with others outside of the Haven Green Space group, for example engaging in activities such as planting or socialising in green spaces such as parks.

Be active: engage in enjoyable physical activity

• Physical activity linked to horticulture e.g. digging, planting, watering etc.

• Painting and decorating the green space.

Take Notice: of the world around you and of your feelings

• Being outside facilitates noticing changing seasons and growth of plants / development of the green space.

• Working with others in a shared green space necessitates team work and negotiation and is an interaction that encouraged awareness of one’s own and others feelings.

• Reporting positive and negative interactions with green spaces outside of the group, i.e. planting with family members or friends, or being unable to access green space due to their use by older children perceived as bullies.

Keep Learning: to build confidence and have fun

• Opportunities for learning horticultural skills such as planting and nurturing plants.

• Learning about how to manage both success and failure when growing plants.

• Engaging in spontaneous play within the green space.

Give: do something nice for a friend or stranger, linking with the wider community

• Developing a green space for others to enjoy.

• Planning for the future of the green space as a legacy for the school.

• Sharing what they have been growing in Haven Green Space group with teachers and fellow pupils including taking into class plants that had been grown or items discovered in the green space such as stones or broken pottery.

• Applying skills learnt in the green space to other opportunities for engagement with nature e.g. growing plants at home.