From: Spousal age difference and associated predictors of intimate partner violence in Nigeria
Background | IPV | Emotional | Physical | Sexual |
---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | aOR (95% C.I) | aOR (95% C.I) | aOR (95% C.I) | aOR (95% C.I) |
Age Difference | ||||
0–4 | 1.23 (0.89–1.68) | 1.15 (0.82–1.61) | 1.06 (0.72–1.56) | 0.84 (0.54–1.30) |
5–9 | 1.19 (0.88–1.60) | 1.20 (0.87–1.65) | 1.09 (0.75–1.58) | 0.97 (0.65–1.45) |
10–14 | 1.18 (0.86–1.62) | 1.06 (0.75–1.49) | 1.06 (0.71–1.58) | 0.94 (0.61–1.44) |
15+ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Number of living children | ||||
None | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
1–2 | 1.78 (1.23–2.56)b | 1.68 (1.12–2.51)c | 1.86 (1.14–3.02)c | 1.16 (0.75–1.78) |
3–4 | 2.37 (1.60–3.51)a | 2.28 (1.49–3.49)a | 2.10 (1.25–3.52)b | 1.39 (0.89–2.14) |
5+ | 2.15 (1.41–3.26)a | 2.09 (1.32–3.29)b | 2.16 (1.25–3.71)b | 1.36 (0.86–2.14) |
Residence | ||||
Urban | 1.00 | |||
Rural | 1.25 (0.89–1.75) | |||
Ethnicity | ||||
Hausa/Fulani | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Igbo | 1.80 (1.24–2.61)b | 2.07 (1.39–3.07)a | 1.49 (0.91–2.43) | 2.22 (1.24–3.96)b |
Yoruba | 1.93 (1.40–2.65)a | 1.52 (1.07–2.16)c | 2.78 (1.83–4.23)a | 0.75 (0.39–1.46) |
Others | 2.83 (2.16–3.71)a | 2.48 (1.85–3.33)a | 2.62 (1.80–3.81)a | 3.03 (2.15–4.26)a |
Religion | ||||
Christian | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Muslims | 1.06 (0.84–1.33) | 1.27 (0.98–1.63) | 0.78 (0.58–1.03) | 1.58 (1.09–2.28)c |
Others | 1.13 (0.61–2.06) | 1.36 (0.72–2.55) | 1.02 (0.50–2.06) | 0.61 (0.21–1.73) |
Household wealth | ||||
Poor | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Middle | 0.60 (0.46–0.77)a | 0.56 (0.42–0.73)a | 0.63 (0.46–0.85)b | 0.65 (0.46–0.90)c |
Rich | 0.64 (0.49–0.82)a | 0.58 (0.44–0.76)a | 0.61 (0.45–0.81)b | 0.42 (0.28–0.62)a |
Education | ||||
None | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Primary | 1.57 (1.20–2.05)b | 1.50 (1.12–2.00)b | 1.91 (1.36–2.67)a | 1.60 (1.11–2.30)c |
Secondary | 1.55 (1.14–2.08)b | 1.59 (1.14–2.19)a | 1.57 (1.08–2.28)c | 1.70 (1.11–2.60)c |
Higher | 1.01 (0.66–1.52) | 1.04 (0.65–1.63) | 0.75 (0.43–1.30) | 1.44 (0.71–2.89) |
Marital Duration | ||||
0–4 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
5–9 | 1.29 (0.99–1.66) | 1.35 (1.02–1.78)c | 1.25 (0.90–1.72) | |
10–14 | 1.13 (0.85–1.49) | 1.10 (0.81–1.49) | 1.24 (0.87–1.75) | |
15+ | 0.97 (0.72–1.30) | 0.91 (0.66–1.24) | 1.15 (0.80–1.63) | |
Husband drinking alcohol | ||||
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Yes | 2.25 (1.86–2.73)b | 2.17 (1.76–2.66)a | 2.91 (2.33–3.62)a | 1.77 (1.29–2.43)a |
Husband’s Education | ||||
None | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Primary | 1.13 (0.84–1.49) | 1.15 (0.84–1.56) | 1.21 (0.83–1.74) | 1.20 (0.82–1.75) |
Secondary | 1.09 (0.81–1.45) | 1.10 (0.80–1.50) | 1.18 (0.80–1.72) | 1.13 (0.75–1.69) |
Higher | 1.07 (0.76–1.51) | 1.27 (0.87–1.83) | 1.05 (0.67–1.63) | 1.43 (0.87–2.35) |
Number of marital union | ||||
1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
2+ | 1.69 (1.28–2.23)a | 1.86 (1.40–2.48)a | 1.91 (1.39–2.61)a | 1.58 (1.09–2.30)c |
Empowerment | ||||
Low | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
High | 1.10 (0.93–1.31) | 1.13 (0.94–1.35) | 0.99 (0.80–1.21) | |
-2loglikelihood | 4108.677 | 3635.694 | 2938.242 | 2365.494 |
R Square | 0.144 | 0.113 | 0.179 | 0.074 |
H-L Test (χ 2 (sig.)) | 3.023 (0.933) | 6.704 (0.569) | 8.294 (0.405) | 3.108 (.927) |