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Table 3 Crude and adjusted regression coefficients of the association of parity and body composition outcomes

From: Is there a causal effect of parity on body composition: a birth cohort study

 

Body mass index (kg/m2)

Waist circumference (cm)

Fat mass (%)

Parity

Women

Men

Women

Men

Women

Men

 

Unadjusted

Adjusteda

Unadjusted

Adjusteda

Unadjusted

Adjusteda

Unadjusted

Adjusteda

Unadjusted

Adjusted a

Unadjusted

Adjusteda

Parity

 0

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

 1

1.01 (0.29–1.73)

0.68 (−0.06–1.43)

0.55 (− 0.01–1.10)

0.77 (0.21–1.33)

2.56 (1.12–3.99)

1.79 (0.30–3.28)

0.79 (− 0.51–2.10)

1.35 (0.04–2.66)

1.12 (0.07–2.16)

1.19 (0.11–2.27)

−0.76 (− 1.74–0.22)

−0.19 (− 1.16–0.78)

 2

1.42 (0.60–2.23)

1.00 (0.15–1.86)

0.46 (− 0.25–1.17)

0.83 (0.11–1.55)

3.77 (2.14–5.40)

2.73 (1.01–4.45)

0.54 (− 1.14–2.21)

1.48 (− 0.21–3.16)

0.50 (− 0.69–1.69)

0.69 (−0.56–1.94)

−0.75 (− 2.01–0.51)

0.12 (− 1.13–1.37)

 3

1.71 (0.65–2.78)

1.27 (0.15–2.38)

−0.18 (− 1.41–1.05)

0.40 (− 0.84–1.64)

4.61 (2.48–6.74)

3.27 (1.03–5.50)

− 0.34 (− 3.24–2.54)

1.12 (− 1.77–4.02)

− 0.25 (− 1.81–1.32)

0.22 (− 1.42–1.86)

−2.43 (− 4.59- -0.26)

−1.03 (− 3.16–1.11)

 ≥4

2.49 (1.34–3.64)

2.04 (0.84–3.24)

1.30 (− 0.55–3.16)

1.88 (0.03–3.73)

6.09 (3.80–8.39)

4.83 (2.43–7.24)

2.03 (− 2.32–6.38)

3.41 (− 0.91–7.73)

1.00 (− 0.66–2.67)

1.47 (− 0.27–3.21)

− 1.42 (− 4.72–1.87)

− 0.03 (− 3.25–3.18)

p value

< 0.001

0.008

0.197

0.020

< 0.001

0.000

0.673

0.147

0.201

0.187

0.144

0.891

p linear trend

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.060

0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.275

0.025

0.320

0.266

0.022

0.681

At least one livebirth

 No

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

 Yes

1.39 (0.78–2.00)

0.96 (0.30–1.62)

0.49 (0.01–0.97)

0.79 (0.29–1.29)

3.60 (2.38–4.82)

2.50 (1.18–3.82)

0.67 (−0.46–1.80)

1.43 (0.27–2.59)

0.74 (− 0.14–1.63)

0.97 (0.01–1.93)

−0.91 (−1.76--0.07)

−0.16 (− 1.02–0.69)

p value

< 0.001

0.004

0.047

0.002

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.246

0.015

0.101

0.047

0.034

0.712

  1. aAdjusted to maternal schooling, family income, skin color, occupational status, alcohol, smoking, physical activity, and consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods