Table 4 Marginal effects from sex-stratified fixed-effects ordered probit regression models of the impact of state tobacco control policies on the number of days/month used smokeless tobacco or cigars (N = 499,381)
Number of days/month smokeless tobacco used | Number of days/month cigars used | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean %a Use | Marginal effect of coefficientb,c 95% CI | p Value | Mean %a Use | Marginal effect of coefficientb,d 95% CI | p Value | |||
Males (N = 240,733) | ||||||||
0 days | 87.7% | |||||||
1-5 days | 5.3% | 11.6% | ||||||
6-29 days | 3.6% | 3.6% | ||||||
30 days | 3.4% | 1.6% | ||||||
Tobacco tax (%) | ||||||||
0 days | −0.0001 (−0.0003 − 0.0001) | .4 | -0.0001 (−0.0004-0.0002) | .4 | ||||
1-5 days | 0.0000 (−0.0000-0.0001) | .4 | 0.0001 (−0.0001-0.0002) | .4 | ||||
6-29 days | 0.0000 (−0.0000-0.0001) | .4 | 0.0000 (−0.0000-0.0003) | .4 | ||||
30 days | 0.0000 (−0.0000-0.0001) | .4 | 0.0000 (−0.0000-0.0001) | .4 | ||||
Cigarette tax (%) | ||||||||
0 days | −0.0010 (− 0.0017--0.0002) | .01 | −0.0015 (− 0.0023--0.0006) | <.001 | ||||
1-5 days | 0.0004 (0.0001-0.0006) | .01 | 0.0009 (0.0004-0.0014) | <.001 | ||||
6-29 days | 0.0003 (0.0001-0.0005) | .01 | 0.0003 (0.0002-0.0005) | <.001 | ||||
30 days | 0.0003 (0.0001-0.0006) | .01 | 0.0002 (0.0001-0.0003) | <.001 | ||||
100% smoke-free restaurants (yes/no) | ||||||||
0 days | −0.0099 (−0.0189-0.0009) | .03 | 0.0047 (−0.0041-0.0136) | .3 | ||||
1-5 days | 0.0036 (0.0003-0.0069) | .03 | −0.0029 (− 0.0008-0.0025) | .3 | ||||
6-29 days | 0.0028 (0.0003-0.0053) | .03 | −0.0011 (− 0.0003-0.0010) | .3 | ||||
30 days | 0.0035 (0.0003-0.0067) | .03 | −0.0007 (− 0.0020-0.0006) | .3 | ||||
Females (N = 258,648) | ||||||||
0 days | 98.0% | 92.3% | ||||||
1-5 days | 1.4% | 5.9% | ||||||
6-29 days | 0.3% | 1.4% | ||||||
30 days | 0.2% | 0.5% | ||||||
Tobacco tax (%) | ||||||||
0 days | 0.0001 (−0.0000-0.0001) | .1 | −0.0002 (−0.0004-0.0001) | .2 | ||||
1-5 days | −0.0000 (− 0.0000 − 0.0000) | .1 | 0.0001 (− 0.0001-0.0003) | .2 | ||||
6-29 days | −0.0000 (− 0.0000-0.0000) | .1 | 0.0000 (−0.0000 − 0.0003) | .2 | ||||
30 days | -0.0000 (−0.0000-0.0000) | .1 | 0.0000 (−0.0000-0.0001) | .2 | ||||
Cigarette tax (%) | ||||||||
0 days | -0.0003 (−0.0006-0.0000) | .05 | −0.0008 (− 0.0014--0.0002) | .007 | ||||
1-5 days | 0.0002 (−0.0000 − 0.0004) | .05 | 0.0005 (0.0001-0.0009) | .007 | ||||
6-29 days | 0.0001 (−0.0000-0.0001) | .05 | 0.0002 (0.0000-0.0003) | .007 | ||||
30 days | 0.0001 (−0.0000-0.0001) | .05 | 0.0001 (0.0000-0.0002) | .007 | ||||
100% smoke-free restaurants (yes/no) | ||||||||
0 days | -0.0004 (−0.0048-0.0039) | .8 | 0.0011 (−0.0054-0.0075) | .7 | ||||
1-5 days | 0.0003 (−0.0025-0.0030) | .8 | −0.0007 (− 0.0048-0.0034) | .7 | ||||
6-29 days | 0.0001 (−0.0008-0.0009) | .8 | −0.0002 (− 0.0017-0.0012) | .7 | ||||
30 days | 0.0001 (−0.0006-0.0008) | .8 | −0.0001 (− 0.0010-0.0007) | .7 | ||||