Ability of ecological deprivation indices to measure social inequalities in a French cohort

BMC Public Health

Table 3 Individual characteristics and deprivation indices according to the degree of urbanicity

	All	Rural and quasi-rural	Quasi- urban	Urban	Paris and suburbs	Overall p-value (crude)
N	63,888	14,781	21,531	21,080	6496
Age ≥ 65 years old	42.1	37.4	40.2	46.4	45.6	<0.0001
Ever smokers	46.9	45.3	45.5	46.8	55.5	<0.0001
Overweight	30.0	32.9	29.6	29.0	28.1	<0.0001
Individual SEP
Higher educational level^a	18.3	9.8	17.6	19.0	38.1	<0.0001
Area-level SEP, mean ± SD
FDep	−0.34 ± 1.0	0.08 ± 0.6	−0.6 ± 0.9	−0.1 ± 0.9	−1.5 ± 1.2	<0.0001
FEDI	−0.26 ± 3.4	−1.2 ± 2.4	−1.3 ± 3.3	1.0 ± 3.4	1.1 ± 4.2	<0.0001
Townsend	1.18 ± 3.1	−0.88 ± 1.7	0.2 ± 2.4	2.4 ± 2.6	5.3 ± 3.2	<0.0001

Data are presented as %, unless otherwise stated
Degree of urbanicity is a geographic measure of population density, defined at commune-level by INSEE (French National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies): rural and quasi-rural (<10,000 inhabitants), quasi-urban (from 10,000 to 99,999), urban (from 100,000 to 1,999,999) and Paris and suburbs (Paris Urban Unit)
SEP Socioeconomic position, FDep French Deprivation index, FEDI French European Deprivation Index. The Deprivation index variables are presented in continuous
Overweight corresponds to a Body Mass Index ≥25 kg/m²
^a5-level university French diploma

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