Bidirectional associations between psychosocial well-being and adherence to healthy dietary guidelines in European children: prospective findings from the IDEFICS study

Table 6 Prospective association between indicators of well-being at baseline and the Healthy Dietary Adherence Score at follow-up across weight groups

		HDAS (higher adherence)
		Weight group	OR	95% CI
KINDL®	Better self-esteem	I	1.1	1.0–1.3
	Better self-esteem	II	1.2	0.9–1.4
	Good parent relations	I	1.0	0.9–1.2
	Good parent relations	II	1.1	0.9–1.4
SDQ	No detectable emotional problems	I	1.2	1.0–1.4
	No detectable emotional problems	II	1.2	0.9–1.6
	No detectable peer problems	I	0.9	0.8–1.0
	No detectable peer problems	II	1.2	0.9–1.6

P-value obtained using a multilevel model correcting for cluster design (country)
Weight group: I = normal weight including thin, n = 5597, II = overweight including obese, n = 1599
Model adjusted for: age, sex, BMI z-score, diet at baseline, and highest parental education and income
HDAS Healthy Dietary Adherence Score; OR Odds ratio; SDQ Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire

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