Table 1 Descriptive statistics of the association between time scarcity, gender, age, ethnicity, weight status, education, number of children and dichotomized indicators of ultra-processed food consumption Percentage of groups in high category of time scarcity, ultra-processed dinner products, sweet/salty snacks & soft drinks and fast foods away from home. *p < 0.05

All

497

29.6

48.9

48.3

43.7

 Low

157

43.3

43.9

35.7

 Medium

193

49.7

49.2

49.2

 High

147

53.7

51.7

44.9

 p

0.183

0.380

0.037*

 Men

52

21.2

57.7

44.2

55.8

 Women

445

30.6

47.9

48.8

42.2

 p

0.160

0.180

0.536

0.063

 Native

442

30.3

50.5

50.9

45.2

 Non-native

54

24.1

37.0

25.9

29.6

 p

0.343

0.063

0.001*

0.029*

 Normal weight

293

29.0

46.8

45.1

40.6

 Overweight/obese

197

29.9

52.8

54.3

49.2

 p

0.823

0.190

0.044*

0.059

 No higher education

153

28.1

53.6

56.9

51.0

 Higher education

344

30.2

46.8

44.5

40.4

 p

0.631

0.162

0.011*

0.028*

 1

163

28.2

47.2

48.5

44.8

 2

231

30.7

48.1

47.2

42.9

 ≥3

101

28.7

53.5

51.5

44.6

 p

0.849

0.580

0.771

0.918