Q fever is an old and neglected zoonotic disease in Kenya: a systematic review

BMC Public Health

Table 1 Reviewed studies and reports of C. burnetii infection in humans and animals in Kenya

Study year	Region	Species	Prevalence/reactors	Inclusion criteria	Reference
1952	Central	Human	1 case	Case study	Harris, B.P
1955	Rift valley	Human	13 cases	Case study	Craddock, A.L. and J. Gear
1956	Central	Human	4 cases	Case study	Brotherston, J.C. and E.R. Cooke
1956	Rift valley	Cattle	20 of 35 cases	Case study	Brotherston, J.C. and E.R. Cooke
1956	Central	Cattle	7.4 %	Retrospective epidemiological study	Brown, R.D
	Central	Goats	33.8 %		Vogel L.C et al.
	Rift valley	Camel	20 %
	Central	Dogs	(3 of 4) cases	Case study
1960	Multiple regions	Rodent	13 %	Seroepidemiological study	Heisch, R.B.
1962	Eastern	Cattle	2.6 %	Seroepidemiological study	Heisch, R.B., et al.
	Eastern	Sheep	6.7 %
	Multiple regions	Ticks	2.3 %
1976	Western	Human	45.7 %	Retrospective epidemiological study	Vanek, E. and B. Thimm
		Cattle	32.9 %
		Goats	30
	Rift valley	Human	20.3 %
	Rift valley	Cattle	22.9 %
	Central	Human	12 %
	Central	Cattle	10 %
	Eastern	Human	41 %
	Eastern	Cattle	31.9 %
	Coast	Human	50.4 %
	Coast	Cattle	42.5 %
2000	Rift valley	Human	8 %	Outbreak investigation	Potasman, I., et al.
2008	Unknown	Human	1 case	Case study	Ta, T., et al.
2013	Western	Human	3 %	Epidemiological study	Knobel, D.L., et al.
		Human	30.9 %	Retrospective epidemiological study
		Cattle	28.3 %
		Goats	30 %
		Sheep	18.2 %
		Ticks	50 %
2014	Rift valley	Camel	46 %	Epidemiological study	DePuy, W., et al.
		Goats	40 %
		Cattle	20 %
2014	Coast	Human	26.8 %	Seroepidemiological study	Mwololo D. K et al.
2014	Western	Human	4.5 %	Seroepidemiological study	Cook, E.A. et al.
2014	Rift valley	Human	54.8 %	Outbreak investigation	ZDU, Kenya

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