| Univariable regression | Multivariable regressiona | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal Factors | Odds ratio | 95Â % CI | P value | Odds ratio | 95Â % CI | P value |
Demographic factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Maternal age (years) | 0.94 | 0.88 to 1.01 | 0.09 | 0.92 | 0.83 to 1.01 | 0.09 |
Education | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Primary | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - |
Secondary | 1.22 | 0.50 to 2.97 | 0.52 | 1.08 | 0.40 to 2.88 | 0.88 |
University | 0.72 | 0.21 to 2.39 | 0.59 | 0.87 | 0.22 to 3.39 | 0.84 |
Gravidity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Primgravida | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - |
Multigravida | 0.76 | 0.40 to 1.43 | 0.39 | 1.22 | 0.52 to 2.85 | 0.65 |
Main energy source | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Gas | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - |
Firewood/Straw/Hay | 1.44 | 0.67 to 3.08 | 0.35 | 1.30 | 0.55 to 3.08 | 0.55 |
Other | 0.53 | 0.07 to 3.97 | 0.54 | 0.59 | 0.07 to 4.74 | 0.50 |
Type of toilet | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Flush toilet/septic tank | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - |
Compartment latrine | 1.20 | 0.54 to 2.69 | 0.67 | 1.16 | 0.49 to 2.74 | 0.74 |
Pit latrine/none | 1.04 | 0.44 to 2.42 | 0.93 | 0.82 | 0.36 to 1.85 | 0.64 |
Main water source | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Rain water | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - |
Well water/river water | 1.81 | 0.62 to 5.27 | 0.28 | 1.43 | 0.50 to 4.11 | 0.50 |
Tap/piped water | 0.59 | 0.14 to 2.50 | 0.47 | 0.57 | 0.12 to 2.59 | 0.46 |
Nutritional and health status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Body mass index at enrolment (kg/m2) | 0.89 | 0.75 to 1.05 | 0.16 | Â | Â | Â |
Depression early pregnancy | 0.96 | 0.44 to 2.11 | 0.93 | Â | Â | Â |
Depression late pregnancy | 0.85 | 0.30 to 2.44 | 0.77 | Â | Â | Â |
Antenatal practices | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Change of diet when pregnant | 0.75 | 0.39 to 1.46 | 0.40 | Â | Â | Â |
Meat intake during pregnancy (number of times per week) | 0.98 | 0.86 to 1.13 | 0.81 | Â | Â | Â |
Supplements taken during trial intervention | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Daily IFA supplements | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - |
Twice weekly IFA supplements | 1.44 | 0.67 to 3.08 | 0.35 | 0.72 | 0.34 to 1.52 | 0.39 |
MMN supplements | 0.53 | 0.07 to 3.97 | 0.54 | 0.93 | 0.40 to 2.15 | 0.86 |
Micronutrient status in late pregnancy | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 1.12 | 0.86 to 1.46 | 0.41 | Â | Â | Â |
Ferritin (log2 ug/L)b | 0.76 | 0.46 to 1.25 | 0.28 | Â | Â | Â |
B12 (log2 pmol/L)b | 1.05 | 0.40 to 2.79 | 0.92 | Â | Â | Â |
Folate (log2 nmol/L)b | 1.06 | 0.45 to 2.47 | 0.90 | Â | Â | Â |
Iodine (log2 ug/L)b | 0.90 | 0.61 to 1.32 | 0.59 | Â | Â | Â |
Infant Factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Birthweight (per 100 grams) | 1.03 | 0.98 to 1.03 | 0.44 | Â | Â | Â |
Gestational age at delivery (weeks) | 1.02 | 0.87 to 1.20 | 0.78 | 1.05 | 0.93 to 1.19 | 0.46 |
Male sex | 1.51 | 0.80 to 2.83 | 0.20 | 1.68 | 0.87 to 3.25 | 0.12 |
Child care practices | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Exclusive breast feeding at six weeks of age | 0.46 | 0.21 to 1.04 | 0.05 | 0.37 | 0.15 to 0.88 | 0.03 |
Use of dietary supplements for child in the first six months | 1.23 | 0.43 to 3.52 | 0.69 | Â | Â | Â |