From: Socioeconomic differences in school dropout among young adults: the role of social relations
Not completed a secondary education | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | Girls | Boys | ||||||||
Model 1 | OR | 95 %-CI | P-value | OR | 95 %-CI | P-value | OR | 95 %-CI | P-value* | |
Income | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 1.47 | 1.03 ;2.09 | 1.54 | 0.93 ; 2.54 | 1.40 | 0.85 ; 2.30 | ||||
low | 3.09 | 2.23 ; 4.27 | <0.001 | 2.86 | 1.80 ; 4.54 | <0.001 | 3.29 | 2.08 ; 5.19 | <0.001 | |
Highest education | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 1.28 | 0.94 ; 1.75 | 1.02 | 0.66 ; 1.59 | 1.61 | 1.04 ; 2.48 | ||||
low | 3.11 | 2.15 ; 4.49 | <0.001 | 2.70 | 1.62 ; 4.51 | <0.001 | 3.51 | 2.07 ; 5.97 | <0.001 | |
Adjusted for social factors at age 15 | ||||||||||
Model 2 | ||||||||||
Income | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 1.39 | 0.97 ; 1.99 | 1.46 | 0.87 ; 2.45 | 1.32 | 0.79 ; 2.21 | ||||
low | 2.82 | 2.01 ; 3.94 | <0.001 | 2.67 | 1.66; 4.31 | <0.001 | 2.96 | 1.84 ; 4.76 | <0.001 | |
Highest education | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 1.25 | 0.91 ; 1.72 | 0.96 | 0.61 ; 1.51 | 1.62 | 1.03 ; 2.55 | ||||
low | 3.05 | 2.08 ; 4.47 | <0.001 | 2.56 | 1.51 ; 4.35 | <0.001 | 3.57 | 2.05 ; 6.21 | <0.001 | |
Model 3 | ||||||||||
Income | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 1.40 | 0.98 ; 2.01 | 1.43 | 0.86 ; 2.37 | 1.35 | 0.81 ; 2.26 | ||||
low | 3.07 | 2.21 ; 4.28 | <0.001 | 2.74 | 1.71 ; 4.37 | <0.001 | 3.40 | 2.12 ; 5.44 | <0.001 | |
Highest education | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 1.31 | 0.96 ; 1.80 | 1.00 | 0.64 ; 1.56 | 1.71 | 1.09 ; 2.68 | ||||
low | 3.06 | 2.10 ; 4.45 | <0.001 | 2.44 | 1.44 ; 4.13 | <0.001 | 3.72 | 2.16 ; 6.42 | <0.001 | |
Model 4 | ||||||||||
Income | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 1.45 | 1.02 ; 2.08 | 1.47 | 0.89 ; 2.44 | 1.44 | 0.87 ; 2.39 | ||||
low | 2.80 | 2.01 ; 3.91 | <0.001 | 2.44 | 1.52 ; 3.93 | <0.001 | 3.22 | 2.02 ; 5.15 | <0.001 | |
Highest education | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 1.31 | 0.96 ; 1.80 | 1.08 | 0.69 ; 1.71 | 1.60 | 1.03 ; 2.49 | ||||
low | 3.15 | 2.16 ; 4.59 | <0.001 | 2.64 | 1.55 ; 4.51 | <0.001 | 3.72 | 2.17 ; 6.36 | <0.001 | |
Model 5 | ||||||||||
Income | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 1.37 | 0.95 ; 1.99 | 1.30 | 0.77 ; 2.21 | 1.41 | 0.83 ; 2.40 | ||||
low | 2.67 | 1.88 ; 3.78 | <0.001 | 2.31 | 1.41 ; 3.78 | 0.002 | 3.10 | 1.88 ; 5.10 | <0.001 | |
Highest education | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 1.29 | 0.92 ; 1.79 | 0.94 | 0.59 ; 1.51 | 1.72 | 1.07 ; 2.77 | ||||
low | 3.07 | 2.07 ; 4.56 | <0.001 | 2.24 | 1.28 ; 3.91 | 0.003 | 4.03 | 2.27 ; 7.14 | <0.001 | |
Adjusted for social factors at age 18 | ||||||||||
Model 6 | ||||||||||
Income | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 1.76 | 1.04 ; 2.99 | 1.68 | 1.28 ; 3.11 | 1.91 | 0.83 ; 4.39 | ||||
low | 3.42 | 2.06 ; 5.69 | <0.001 | 3.56 | 2.01 ; 6.29 | <0.001 | 3.31 | 1.46 ; 7.50 | 0.015 | |
Highest education | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 1.38 | 0.87 ; 2.20 | 0.97 | 0.54 ; 1.73 | 2.80 | 1.19 ; 6.58 | ||||
low | 3.76 | 2.14 ; 6.61 | <0.001 | 2.43 | 1.20 ; 4.95 | 0.018 | 8.18 | 3.05 ; 21.97 | <0.001 | |
Model 7 | ||||||||||
Income | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 1.77 | 1.04 ; 3.01 | 1.70 | 0.85 ; 3.39 | 1.94 | 0.84 ; 4.46 | ||||
low | 3.43 | 2.06 ; 5.71 | <0.001 | 3.40 | 1.76 ; 6.56 | <0.001 | 3.32 | 1.46 ; 7.53 | 0.015 | |
Highest education | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 1.40 | 0.88 ; 2.24 | 0.99 | 0.55 ; 1.77 | 2.79 | 1.19 ; 6.58 | ||||
low | 3.92 | 2.23; 6.88 | <0.001 | 2.50 | 1.23 ; 5.10 | 0.016 | 8.30 | 3.08 ; 22.32 | <0.001 | |
Model 8 | ||||||||||
Income | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 1.13 | 0.59 ; 2.18 | 1.23 | 0.54 ; 2.80 | 0.95 | 0.31 ; 2.86 | ||||
low | 1.51 | 0.76 ; 2.97 | 0.484 | 1.52 | 0.64 ; 3.61 | 0.640 | 1.42 | 0.46 ; 4.36 | 0.755 | |
Highest education | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 0.90 | 0.47; 1.71 | 0.65 | 0.29 ; 1.45 | 1.55 | 0.51 ; 4.70 | ||||
low | 3.37 | 1.60 ; 7.10 | <0.001 | 2.50 | 1.01 ; 6.14 | 0.014 | 5.28 | 1.34 ; 20.83 | 0.051 | |
Model 9 | ||||||||||
Income | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 1.07 | 0.54 ; 2.10 | 1.12 | 0.47 ; 2.67 | 0.90 | 0.29 ; 2.73 | ||||
low | 1.44 | 0.72 ; 2.90 | 0.548 | 1.50 | 0.61 ; 3.70 | 0.661 | 1.34 | 0.43 ; 4.15 | 0.785 | |
Highest education | ||||||||||
high | ref | ref | ref | |||||||
medium | 0.85 | 0.44 ; 1.64 | 0.61 | 0.26 ; 1.39 | 1.51 | 0.50 ; 4.61 | ||||
low | 2.98 | 1.37 ; 6.47 | 0.003 | 2.18 | 0.84 ; 5.65 | 0.036 | 6.03 | 1.50 ; 24.33 | 0.033 |