Table 1 Characteristics (demographic and behaviours) for total sample and by country
From: Associations between parental rules, style of communication and children’s screen time
Belgium | Germany | Greece | Hungary | Norway | Total sample | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 728 | N = 609 | N = 722 | N = 658 | N = 583 | N = 3300 | |||||||
Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | |
Age | 10.9 | (0.71) | 11.2 | (0.77) | 10.8 | (0.63) | 11.6 | (0.69) | 11.9 | (0.57) | 11.2 | (0.78) |
Gender, children (%) | ||||||||||||
Girl | 52.1 | 47.9 | 54.7 | 50.3 | 50.3 | 51.2 | ||||||
Gender, parents (%) | ||||||||||||
Mother | 81.9 | 80.9 | 80.7 | 87.2 | 74.9 | 81.3 | ||||||
Family educational level; | ||||||||||||
At least one parent ≥ 14 years of education (%) | 88.1 | 47.9 | 61.7 | 48.6 | 71.4 | 63.7 | ||||||
Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | |
Time spent watching TV/DVD in leisure time, hours/day | 1.55 | (0.93) | 1.53 | (0.98) | 1.84 | (1.01) | 1.69 | (1.09) | 1.53 | (0.94) | 1.63 | (1.00) |
Time spent using a computer/games console for leisure activities, hours/day | 0.93 | (0.90) | 1.04 | (0.99) | 1.24 | (1.01) | 1.36 | (1.16) | 1.30 | (1.02) | 1.17 | (1.03) |
Child reported perceived excessive screen time (%)1 | ||||||||||||
- TV/DVD | 57.4 | 25.5 | 26.0 | 42.3 | 33.8 | 37.5 | ||||||
- Computer/games console | 36.1 | 15.4 | 28.3 | 35.0 | 31.3 | 29.5 | ||||||
Parent reported perceived excessive screen time (%)1 | ||||||||||||
- TV/DVD | 50.3 | 34.1 | 35.4 | 44.9 | 42.2 | 41.6 | ||||||
- Computer/games console | 38.8 | 24.7 | 33.3 | 42.3 | 45.6 | 36.8 | ||||||
Rules present | ||||||||||||
- TV/DVD: Yes | 55.6 | 48.4 | 64.1 | 58.7 | 39.8 | 54.0 | ||||||
- Computer/games console: Yes | 53.4 | 43.8 | 66.1 | 66.2 | 43.9 | 55.3 | ||||||