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Table 5 Univariable and adjusteda multivariable multinomial regression analysis results for recently vs. distantly and recently vs. never tested for HIV; German MSM online survey 2013

From: Recency and frequency of HIV testing among men who have sex with men in Germany and socio-demographic factors associated with testing behaviour

  

Recently tested for HIV vs. distantly tested for HIV

Recently tested for HIV vs. never tested for HIV

Recently tested for HIV vs. distantly tested for HIV

Recently tested for HIV vs. never tested for HIV

Crude RRR

95 % CI

Crude RRR

95 % CI

Adjusted RRRa

95 % CI

Adjusted RRRa

95 % CI

Age (years)

16-24

0.45

0.38-0.52

2.61

2.34-2.90

0.57

0.38-0.86

2.90

2.11-3.99

25-34

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

35-44

1.21

1.09-1.36

0.73

0.65-0.81

1.82

1.31-2.51

0.94

0.64-1.36

45-54

1.18

1.05-1.32

0.69

0.61-0.77

1.93

1.35-2.78

0.90

0.58-1.40

>54

1.31

1.13-1.52

0.94

0.81-1.09

1.63

0.97-2.73

0.96

0.51-1.80

Educational level

Low

0.88

0.81-0.95

1.00

0.93-1.08

    

High

1.00

 

1.00

     

Occupational status

Blue-collar worker

0.87

0.73-1.04

1.79

1.52-2.10

    

White-collar worker/public servant/self-employed

1.00

 

1.00

     

Other (incl. student/trainee)

0.63

0.55-0.73

2.72

2.45-3.03

    

Equivalent-income

Less than 936€

0.80

0.69-0.92

1.26

1.11-1.42

    

936€ to 1 895.99€

1.00

 

1.00

     

1 896€ or more

1.20

1.08-1.34

0.65

0.58-0.72

    

Settlement size

<100 000 inhabitants

0.95

0.87-1.04

1.37

1.26-1.49

1.07

0.86-1.33

1.47

1.18-1.83

100 000–1 000 000 inhabitants

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

>1 000 000 inhabitants

0.90

0.80-1.00

0.62

0.55-0.70

1.14

0.89-1.46

0.89

0.68-1.18

Sexual attraction

Men mostly/only

1.00

 

1.00

     

Men and women equally

0.98

0.83-1.16

1.73

1.51-1.99

    

Women mostly/only

1.28

1.09-1.50

2.17

1.89-2.50

    

Outness towards co-workers/classmates

More than half know

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

Less than half know

1.03

0.93-1.14

1.82

1.65-2.00

0.90

0.80-1.02

1.10

0.96-1.25

Nobody knows/nonexistent

1.14

1.03-1.26

3.32

3.03-3.63

0.77

0.66-0.89

1.46

1.27-1.69

Outness towards primary health care provider

Yes

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

No

1.51

1.38-1.64

6.69

6.11-7.32

1.79

1.60-2.00

4.54

4.02-5.11

Gay subculture involvement

Frequently visiting social venues

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

Frequently visiting both social and sex venues

0.65

0.58-0.74

0.42

0.37-0.48

0.90

0.55-1.49

1.47

0.77-2.79

Frequently visiting sex venues

1.20

1.05-1.37

1.14

1.01-1.30

1.47

0.89-2.44

1.67

0.89-3.13

Infrequently/never visiting gay venues

1.58

1.43-1.74

2.21

2.01-2.42

1.87

1.19-2.94

2.30

1.29-4.10

Internalised homonegativity

Low

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

Middle

1.12

1.00-1.25

2.14

1.95-2.36

1.06

0.92-1.22

1.17

1.02-1.34

High

1.12

0.93-1.36

1.81

1.53-2.14

1.03

0.82-1.30

1.26

1.00-1.58

HIV-related stigma

Low

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

Middle

1.20

1.09-1.33

1.93

1.77-2.11

1.06

0.94-1.19

1.24

1.11-1.39

High

1.08

0.83-1.40

2.66

2.15-3.29

1.06

0.77-1.46

1.44

1.08-1.91

Anticipated HIV stigma

Low

1.00

 

1.00

     

Middle

1.10

1.00-1.21

1.27

1.16-1.40

    

High

1.09

0.96-1.23

1.65

1.47-1.85

    

Familiarity with the IWWIT-campaignb

Yes

0.73

0.66-0.80

0.34

0.31-0.38

    

No

1.00

 

1.00

     

Relationship status

Single

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

In a monogamous relationship

2.70

2.37-3.07

1.11

0.97-1.26

1.43

0.87-2.35

1.14

0.63-2.60

In an open relationship

1.33

1.22-1.45

0.63

0.58-0.68

1.42

1.03-1.97

1.06

0.74-1.54

Number of non-steady UAI-partnersc

0 men

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1-10 men

0.48

0.44-0.53

0.54

0.49-0.58

0.65

0.58-0.74

0.64

0.57-0.73

11 men

0.36

0.25-0.52

0.33

0.24-0.47

0.71

0.46-1.09

0.93

0.59-1.46

Assessment of the own riskc

None

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

Low

0.53

0.48-0.58

0.44

0.40-0.48

0.66

0.59-0.74

0.54

0.48-0.61

Medium

0.37

0.31-0.44

0.32

0.28-0.38

0.60

0.49-0.73

0.46

0.38-0.57

High

0.38

0.20-0.39

0.29

0.21-0.39

0.51

0.35-0.75

0.50

0.34-0.73

  1. aAdditionally adjusted for the following interaction terms: Age x Settlement size; Age x Relationship status; Age x Gay subculture involvement
  2. bNationwide educational campaign about HIV/STI and safe sex practices specifically targeting MSM, launched by the Deutsche AIDS-Hilfe in 2008
  3. cIn the past 12 months