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Table 3 Factors associated with violence

From: Exposure to and experiences of violence among adolescents in lower socio-economic groups in Johannesburg, South Africa

 

Ever seen an act of violence in the community

 

Ever experienced an act of violence in the community

 

Ever seen violence in the family

 

Ever experienced violence in the family

 
 

Multivariate

 

Multivariate

 

Multivariate

 

Multivariate

 
 

OR (CI)

p-value

OR (CI)

p-value

OR (CI)

p-value

OR (CI)

p-value

Gender

        

Male

-

-

1.6 (1.1-2.2)

0.0143

Ref

 

-

-

Female

-

-

Ref

 

1.8 (1.3-2.6)

0.0008

-

-

Ethnic group

        

Black

4.6 (2.7-7.9)

<0.0001

01.0 (0.5-1.7)

0.8

2.2 (1.1-4.1)

0.0183

2.1 (1.1-3.9)

0.0247

Coloured

3.9 (2.0-7.4)

<0.0001

0.9 (0.4-1.9)

0.8

2.0 (0.9-4.3)

0.1

1.4 (0.6-3.0)

0.4

Indian

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

White

8.0 (4.0-16.2)

<0.0001

2.1 (1.05-4.2)

0.0367

3.0 (1.4-6.3)

0.0042

2.0 (0.9-4.2)

0.1

Repeated Grade

        

Never repeated

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Repeated

1.5 (1.01-2.1)

0.0462

2.3 (1.6-3.3)

<0.0001

1.6 (1.1-2.2)

0.0117

1.4 (1.0-2.0)

0.1

Parents Alive

        

Both parents alive

-

-

-

-

-

-

Ref

 

Single parent alive

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.5 (1.01-2.1)

0.0423

None alive*

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.8 (0.9-3.6)

0.1

Number of sexual partners

        

None or one

Ref

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

More than one

1.7 (1.1-2.5)

0.0115

-

-

-

-

-

-

Ever had alcohol

        

Yes

2.1 (1.5-2.9)

<0.0001

2.6 (1.7-4.0)

<0.0001

2.9 (2.0-4.3)

<0.0001

1.8 (1.2-2.6)

0.0033

No

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 
  1. NB: *Orphan.
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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