Anthropometric indices as predictors of hypertension among men and women aged 40–69 years in the Korean population: the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study

Table 4 Association between various anthropometric indices and incident hypertension

Anthropometric indices	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Anthropometric indices	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)
*Men*
BMI (kg/m²)	1.28 (1.16 ~ 1.42)	1.38 (1.24 ~ 1.53)	1.39 (1.25 ~ 1.54)
WC (cm)	1.47 (1.33 ~ 1.63)	1.50 (1.36 ~ 1.66)	1.50 (1.36 ~ 1.67)
WHR	1.44 (1.31 ~ 1.59)	1.40 (1.27 ~ 1.55)	1.40 (1.27 ~ 1.55)
WHtR	1.49 (1.35 ~ 1.65)	1.48 (1.34 ~ 1.63)	1.49 (1.35 ~ 1.65)
*Women*
BMI (kg/m²)	1.27 (1.15 ~ 1.40)	1.30 (1.18 ~ 1.43)	1.31 (1.19 ~ 1.44)
WC (cm)	1.66 (1.51 ~ 1.83)	1.43 (1.29 ~ 1.58)	1.44 (1.30 ~ 1.60)
WHR	1.67 (1.52 ~ 1.83)	1.35 (1.21 ~ 1.50)	1.35 (1.21 ~ 1.51)
WHtR	1.76 (1.60 ~ 1.94)	1.46 (1.32 ~ 1.62)	1.48 (1.33 ~ 1.64)

HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; WHtR, waist-to-height-ratio.
Model 1, unadjusted. Model 2, adjusted for age. Model 3, adjusted for age, smoking status, alcohol consumption, diabetes and family history of hypertension.
HR per 1 standard deviation (2.86 kg/m² in men and 3.09 kg/m² in women, 7.33 cm in men and 9.12 cm in women, 0.06 in men and 0.08 in women, 0.04 in men and 0.06 in women) increment of BMI, WC, WHR or WHtR.

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