Variables | Occasional Smoking | Daily Smoking | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | % n/Na | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI)b | % n/Na | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI)b |
Family structure | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Both parents | 6.7% (314/4700) | 1.0 |  | 6.6% (309/4695) | 1.0 |  |
   Other arrangements | 9.3% (167/1793) | 1.44 (1.18–1.75) | 0.99 (0.73–1.36) | 16.3% (317/1943) | 2.76 (2.34–3.27) | 1.52 (1.09–2.13) |
Mother's education | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   College or higher | 7.1% (401/5687) | 1.0 |  | 8.5% (490/5776) | 1.0 |  |
   Secondary school or less | 10.0% (74/741) | 1.46 (1.13–1.90) | 1.06 (0.70–1.59) | 16.1% (128/795) | 2.07 (1.68–2.56) | 1.01 (0.66–1.55) |
Father's education | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   College or higher | 7.2% (425/5892) | 1.0 |  | 8.8% (529/5996) | 1.0 |  |
   Secondary school or less | 8.4% (47/561) | 1.18 (0.86–1.61) | 0.90 (0.54–1.48) | 15.3% (93/607) | 1.87 (1.47–2.37) | 1.05 (0.64–1.73) |
Family income | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Better off | 7.2% (268/3723) | 1.0 |  | 10.5% (406/3861) | 1.0 |  |
   Worse off | 7.4% (204/2743) | 1.04 (0.86–1.25) | 1.07 (0.80–1.44) | 7.8% (215/2754) | 0.72 (0.61–0.86) | 0.97 (0.68–1.36) |
Parental support | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   More | 6.2% (220/3573) | 1.0 |  | 6.6% (237/3590) | 1.0 |  |
   Less | 8.6% (245/2857) | 1.43 (1.18–1.73) | 0.80 (0.59–1.07) | 12.5% (373/2985) | 2.02 (1.70–2.40) | 0.90 (0.65–1.26) |
Time spent with parents | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   More | 4.3% (122/2836) | 1.0 |  | 3.2% (91/2805) | 1.0 |  |
   Less | 9.6% (347//3614) | 2.36 (1.91–2.92) | 1.33 (0.97–1.84) | 13.8% (525/3792) | 4.79 (3.81–6.02) | 2.27 (1.50–3.44) |
Parental control | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   More | 5.4% (157/2909) | 1.0 |  | 5.5% (159/2911) | 1.0 |  |
   Less | 8.8% (302/3441) | 1.67 (1.38–2.06) | 0.91 (0.68–1.23) | 12.3% (439/3578) | 2.42 (2.01–2.92) | 1.12 (0.79–1.59) |
Perceived parental reactions if one would smoke cigarettes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Very much/much against | 6.7% (409/6126) | 1.0 |  | 5.4% (325/6042) | 1.0 |  |
   Rather against/do not care | 20.7% (61/294) | 3.66 (2.71–4.94) | 2.35 (1.49–3.72) | 54.8% (282/515) | 21.29 (17.32–26.17) | 8.92 (6.04–13.17) |
Interparental serious verbal conflict | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 6.1% (314/5148) | 1.0 |  | 7.5% (392/5226) | 1.0 |  |
   Yes, at some point | 11.8% (168/1423) | 2.06 (1.69–2.51) | 1.19 (0.86–1.64) | 16.1% (240/1495) | 2.36 (1.99–2.80) | 1.04 (0.72–1.50) |
Parent-adolescent serious verbal conflict | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 4.4% (190/4334) | 1.0 |  | 4.6% (200/4344) | 1.0 |  |
   Yes, at some point | 13.1% (292/2237) | 3.27 (2.71–3.96) | 1.72 (1.27–2.33) | 18.2% (432/2377) | 4.60 (3.86–5.49) | 2.83 (1.98–4.04) |
Interparental violence | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 6.7% (419/6224) | 1.0 |  | 8.2% (516/6321) | 1.0 |  |
   Yes, at some point | 18.2% (63/347) | 3.07 (2.30–4.11) | 1.74 (1.02–2.96) | 29.0% (116/400) | 4.60 (3.64–5.81) | 0.80 (0.44–1.47) |
Parent-adolescent violence | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 6.9% (434/6312) | 1.0 |  | 8.2% (522/6400) | 1.0 |  |
   Yes, at some point | 18.5% (48/259) | 3.08 (2.22–4.28) | 0.86 (0.46–1.60) | 34.3% (110/321) | 5.87 (4.58–7.52) | 1.53 (0.85–2.78) |
Father's smoking | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 6.4% (259/4061) | 1.0 |  | 7.0% (287/4089) | 1.0 |  |
   Yes | 9.4% (139/1483) | 1.52 (1.22–1.88) | 1.03 (0.74–1.42) | 17.1% (277/1621) | 2.73 (2.29–3.26) | 1.12 (0.80–1.59) |
Mother's smoking | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 6.6% (282/4261) | 1.0 |  | 6.5% (276/4255) | 1.0 |  |
   Yes | 8.9% (126/1411) | 1.38 (1.11–1.72) | 1.04 (0.74–1.47) | 18.5% (292/1577) | 3.28 (2.75–3.91) | 1.69 (1.20–2.40) |
Sibling's smoking | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 6.1% (268/4366) | 1.0 |  | 6.6% (289/4387) | 1.0 |  |
   Yes | 11.5% (132/1150) | 1.98 (1.59–2.47) | 1.19 (0.87–1.65) | 20.3% (260/1278) | 3.62 (3.02–4.34) | 1.55 (1.10–2.18) |
Perceived respect from peers if would smoke cigarettes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Less respect | 6.5% (403/6223) | 1.0 |  | 7.2% (452/6272) | 1.0 |  |
   More respect | 24.6% (72/293) | 4.71 (3.54–6.25) | 2.25 (1.43–3.53) | 43.6% (171/392) | 9.96 (7.98–12.43) | 3.27 (2.09–5.13) |
Friends cigarette smoking | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   None | 1.2% (34/2910) | 1.0 |  | 0.5% (14/2890) | 1.0 |  |
   Some-all | 12.5% (443/3547) | 12.07 (8.49–17.17) | 5.68 (3.38–9.55) | 16.1% (595/3699) | 39.38 (23.12–67.06) | 17.17 (6.18–47.71) |
Physical activity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   More | 4.8% (135/2839) | 1.0 |  | 3.9% (110/2814) | 1.0 |  |
   Less | 9.3% (322/3481) | 2.04 (1.66–2.51) | 1.33 (0.98–1.80) | 13.1% (476/3635) | 3.70 (2.99–4.59) | 2.15 (1.48–3.13) |
Healthy nutrition important | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Agree | 6.9% (389/5628) | 1.0 |  | 7.7% (435/5674) | 1.0 |  |
   Disagree | 10.1% (69/684) | 1.51 (1.15–1.98) | 0.94 (0.62–1.42) | 19.5% (149/764) | 2.92 (2.38–3.58) | 1.35 (0.89–2.03) |
Academic Achievement | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Higher | 5.1% (169/3330) | 1.0 |  | 3.6% (119/3280) | 1.0 |  |
   Lower | 9.8% (288/2929) | 2.04 (1.68–2.48) | 1.17 (0.88–1.57) | 14.9% (463/3104) | 4.66 (3.78–5.73) | 2.12 (1.49–3.02) |
Alcohol consumption 30 days | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 2.0% (92/4635) | 1.0 |  | 1.4% (65/4608) | 1.0 |  |
   Yes | 21.1% (384/1816) | 13.24 (10.47–16.75) | 8.81 (6.13–12.64) | 28.1% (560/1992) | 27.33 (21.00–35.58) | 7.64 (5.11–11.41) |
Smoke free tobacco use | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 4.9% (290/5882) | 1.0 |  | 5.6% (330/5922) | 1.0 |  |
   Yes | 29.4% (185/630) | 8.02 (6.51–9.87) | 3.57 (2.56–4.98) | 39.9% (296/741) | 11.27 (9.38–13.55) | 5.74 (3.93–8.37) |