Table 1 Characteristics of 35–60 year old Hindustani Surinamese, African Surinamese and ethnic Dutch participants

Age

(years)

44 (39–50)

43 (39–48)

48 (42–54)

Sex

(female)

187 (55.6)

400 (67.5)

242 (49.8)

Level of education

(high^a)

34 (10.3)

116 (19.8)

175 (36.5)

Level of profession

(high^b)

98 (32.9)

257 (48.9)

279 (58.3)

Physical activity

(at least 30 minutes 5× per week^c)

166 (52.2)

315 (56.2)

306 (63.2)

History of CVD

(myocardial infarction and/or stroke)

21 (6.3)

13 (2.2)

10 (2.1)

First degree relative with DM

273 (81.3)

371 (62.7)

202 (41.7)

BMI

(kg/m2)

26.7 (23.8–29.6)

27.6 (24.5–31.5)

25.4 (22.9–28.3)

(> 25 kg/m2, Hindustani Surinamese: > 23 kg/m2)

276 (82.1)

420 (71.0)

253 (52.1)

Waist circumference

(cm)

94.2 (85.9–101.0)

92.9 (83.1–102.1)

90.3 (81.5–100.3)

(increased waist circumference^d)

261 (77.7)

398 (67.2)

280 (57.6)

Resting heart rate

(resting heart rate in bpm)

72.5 (66.5–80.5)

72.0 (65.0–80.0)

68.5 (61.0–76.0)

(resting heart rate ≥ 90 bpm)

29 (8.8)

46 (7.9)

21 (4.4)

Dyslipidemia

HDL-cholesterol

(mmol/l)

1.2 (1.0–1.5)

1.4 (1.2–1.7)

1.4 (1.2–1.7)

(< 0.9 mmol/l (35 mg/dl) and/or treated)

63 (18.6)

21 (3.5)

31 (6.4)

Triglyceride

(mmol/l)

1.2 (0.9–1.8)

0.8 (0.6–1.2)

1.1 (0.8–1.7)

(> 2.8 mmol/l (250 mg/dl) and/or treated)

51 (15.2)

15 (2.5)

41 (8.4)

Blood pressure

SBP

(mmHg)

124.0 (112.0–137.5)

125.0 (114.5–140.5)

121.5 (111.0–134.5)

DBP

(mmHg)

81.5 (75.0–89.0)

82.0 (75.5–91.0)

78.5 (71.0–86.0)

Hypertension

(> 140/90 mmHg and/or on anti-hypertensive therapy)

115 (35.9)

223 (38.0)

125 (25.7)

Diabetes mellitus

(fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/l and/or self-reported)

in 35–44 years

known

17 (9.8)

21 (6.1)

5 (3.0)

newly detected

12 (6.9)

7 (2.0)

2 (1.2)

in 45–60 years

known

50 (30.7)

38 (15.4)

14 (4.4)

newly detected

7 (4.3)

9 (3.6)

12 (3.8)

Age standardised^e

known

298 (21.1)

164 (11.6)

46 (3.2)

newly detected

80 (5.7)

37 (2.6)

32 (2.2)