Mental health (GHQ12; CES-D) and attitudes towards the value of work among inmates of a semi-open prison and the long-term unemployed in Luxembourg

Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of the unemployed and of prison inmates.

		Unemployed (N = 69)	Prison inmates (N = 52)	p¹	1-β² ES³ = 0.1	1-β ES = 0.3	1-β Obs⁴
		%	%
Age	15–24	31.8	21.6	< 0.001	0.131	0.799	0.961
	25–34	13.6	49.0
	35–44	24.2	15.7
	45 or more	30.3	13.7
Native of Luxembourg	Yes	30.3	40.8	0.331	0.196	0.910	0.227
	No	69.7	59.2
Dependants	No	51.5	59.6	0.489	0.196	0.910	0.146
	Yes	48.5	40.4
Situation of the spouse	No spouse	53.8	63.3	0.322	0.152	0.849	0.275
	Working	30.8	18.4
	Not working	15.4	18.4
Sex	Female	37.9	0.0
	Male	62.1	100.0
Married or co-habiting	Yes	49.3	39.2	0.363	0.196	0.910	0.200
	No	50.7	60.8
Considers self to be unwell	Yes	21.2	18.0	0.846	0.196	0.910	0.073
	No	78.8	82.0
Level of education	Lower level	34.5	55.8	0.009	0.152	0.849	0.841
	Average level	36.2	36.5
	Higher level	29.3	7.7
No. hours of further education	None	58.0	71.1	0.033	0.152	0.849	0.726
	Less than 400	29.0	8.9
	400 or more	13.0	20.0
Experience of working (months)	None	42.0	11.8	< 0.001	0.152	0.849	0.962
	Less than 24	31.9	33.3
	24 or more	26.1	54.9
Occupational status sought	Management	17.3	4.9	0.002	0.152	0.849	0.969
	Employee	44.2	19.5
	Labourer	38.5	75.6
Driving licence	Yes	67.7	46.2	0.031	0.196	0.910	0.667
	No	32.3	53.8

¹p: Significance level of Chi square test; ²1-β: Power of the Chi square test for given effect size; ³ES: Effect size; ⁴1-β Obs: Observed power of the Chi square test.

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