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Table 3 Multivariate associations (using stepwise backward and forward regression p < .05) between participant characteristics and the onset of cannabis use

From: Predictors of onset of cannabis and other drug use in male young adults: results from a longitudinal study

Variable categories and variables

Separate model for each variable category

Overall modela,b

 

OR (95% CI)

p

OR (95% CI)

p

Demographics c

    

Means of subsistence: own person (Ref.)

    

 Own person and others persons or institutions

1.75 (1.12-2.72)

.01

1.87 (1.16-3.00)

.01

 Other persons or institutions

2.27 (1.47-3.52)

<.01

2.68 (1.66-4.34)

<.01

Having no siblings (Ref.)

    

 One or two siblings

2.86 (1.16-7.08)

.02

3.14 (1.24-7.95)

.02

 Three or more siblings

2.53 (0.97-6.61)

.06

3.04 (1.12-8.16)

.03

Religion and religiosity d

    

Atheist (Ref.)

    

 Agnostic

0.75 (0.47-1.19)

.22

0.64 (0.39-1.06)

.09

 Unsure what to think about god

1.02 (0.65-1.61)

.93

1.02 (0.63-1.65)

.94

 Belief in god but not practicing

0.83 (0.58-1.19)

.32

0.78 (0.53-1.17)

.23

 Belief in god and practicing

0.44 (0.25-0.75)

<.01

0.54 (0.31-0.96)

.04

Health e

    

Depression (MDI, scale 0–50)

1.03 (1.01-1.04)

<.01

1.03 (1.01-1.05)

<.01

No anti-social personality disorder (Ref.)

    

 Anti-social personality disorder

1.87 (1.25-2.80)

<.01

  

Social context f

    

No parental divorce before the age of 18 (Ref.)

    

 Parental divorce before the age of 18

1.89 (1.37-2.61)

<.01

2.03 (1.44-2.87)

.04

Lower educational level of the father (Ref.)

    

 Higher educational level of the father

1.38 (1.03-1.85)

.03

  

Lower parental knowledge of peers and the whereabouts at the age of 15 (Ref.)

    

 Higher parental knowledge of peers and the whereabouts at the age of 15

0.69 (0.49-0.97)

.03

0.69 (0.48-0.99)

<.01

Peer pressure (PPI total score, range -3 - +3)

2.08 (1.43-3.04)

<.01

1.56 (1.03-2.36)

.04

Substance use g

    

No cigarette use in the previous 12 months (Ref.)

    

 Very low nicotine dependence (FTND)

2.77 (2.01-3.82)

<.01

2.60 (1.83-3.69)

<.01

 Low, moderate or high nicotine dependence (FTND)

1.13 (0.54-2.37)

.74

1.31 (0.60-2.84)

.50

Personality h

    

Sensation seeking (BSSS total score, range 1–5)

1.71 (1.44-2.04)

<.01

1.55 (1.28-1.89)

<.01

Anxiety (ZKPQ, subscale, range 0–10)

1.09 (1.02-1.17)

.02

  

Military training school

    
  1. Notes: aThe overall model resulted from backward and forward selection of the variables included in the separate models for each variable category. b R 2 = .11; c R 2 = .02; d R 2 = .01; e R 2 = .02; f R 2 = .04; g R 2 = .03; h R 2 = .04. MDI = Major Depressive Inventory; FTND = Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence; BSSS = Brief Sensation Seeking Scale; ZKPQ = Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire; PPI = Peer Pressure Inventory.
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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