Group involvement and self-rated health among the Japanese elderly: an examination of bonding and bridging social capital

Kishimoto, Yoko; Suzuki, Etsuji; Iwase, Toshihide; Doi, Hiroyuki; Takao, Soshi

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-1189

Table 4 Odds ratios for poor self-rated health associated with social capital stratified by sex

From: Group involvement and self-rated health among the Japanese elderly: an examination of bonding and bridging social capital

	Poor health	Model 1		Model 2^a		Model 3^b		Model 4^c
	N (%)	OR	(95% CI)	OR	(95% CI)	OR	(95% CI)	OR	(95% CI)
Men
Social capital
None	495 (50.05)	1.00		1.00		1.00
Low	270 (32.53)	0.48	(0.40-0.58)	0.70	(0.52-0.94)	0.72	(0.52-0.98)
Middle	212 (25.33)	0.34	(0.28-0.41)	0.55	(0.41-0.73)	0.55	(0.40-0.76)
H0069gh	353 (19.78)	0.25	(0.21-0.29)	0.41	(0.32-0.53)	0.46	(0.35-0.61)
Bonding social capital
None	1009 (33.00)	1.00		1.00		1.00
Low	231 (25.52)	0.70	(0.59-0.82)	0.87	(0.70-1.09)	0.88	(0.69-1.12)	0.89	(0.70-1.14)
Middle	61 (19.12)	0.48	(0.36-0.64)	0.54	(0.37-0.80)	0.55	(0.36-0.83)	0.51	(0.34-0.78)
High	29 (18.24)	0.45	(0.30-0.68)	0.46	(0.26-0.83)	0.55	(0.31-0.99)	0.48	(0.26-0.86)
Bridging social capital
None	582 (44.12)	1.00		1.00		1.00
Low	303 (29.65)	0.53	(0.45-0.63)	0.80	(0.62-1.04)	0.82	(0.62-1.07)	0.83	(0.63-1.09)
Middle	191 (23.24)	0.38	(0.32-0.47)	0.58	(0.44-0.77)	0.59	(0.44-0.80)	0.59	(0.43-0.79)
High	254 (19.87)	0.31	(0.26-0.37)	0.55	(0.43-0.71)	0.62	(0.48-0.81)	0.59	(0.45-0.77)
Women
Social capital
None	899 (44.24)	1.00		1.00		1.00
Low	462 (31.69)	0.58	(0.51-0.67)	1.04	(0.69-1.57)	1.19	(0.76-1.86)
Middle	295 (22.82)	0.37	(0.32-0.44)	0.6	(0.39-0.94)	0.72	(0.45-1.17)
High	318 (16.55)	0.25	(0.22-0.29)	0.49	(0.33-0.74)	0.62	(0.40-0.97)
Bonding social capital
None	1554 (33.20)	1.00		1.00		1.00
Low	294 (22.60)	0.59	(0.51-0.68)	0.78	(0.55-1.11)	0.78	(0.54-1.13)	0.76	(0.53-1.10)
Middle	91 (18.09)	0.44	(0.35-0.56)	0.68	(0.42-1.10)	0.70	(0.42-1.17)	0.65	(0.39-1.09)
High	35 (15.91)	0.38	(0.26-0.55)	0.39	(0.15-1.01)	0.34	(0.12-1.00)	0.31	(0.10-0.89)
Bridging social capital
None	1083 (39.35)	1.00		1.00		1.00
Low	461 (27.49)	0.58	(0.51-0.67)	0.91	(0.63-1.30)	0.96	(0.65-1.41)	0.96	(0.65-1.42)
Middle	234 (21.21)	0.41	(0.35-0.49)	0.68	(0.45-1.03)	0.75	(0.48-1.16)	0.72	(0.46-1.12)
High	196 (16.71)	0.31	(0.26-0.37)	0.54	(0.36-0.82)	0.69	(0.44-1.07)	0.62	(0.40-0.97)

^aAdjusted for age, living arrangement, educational attainment, smoking habit, alcohol consumption, and overweight.
^bAdjusted for all of the variables included in Model 2, and type-D personality.
^cAfter adjusting for all of the variables included in Model 3, we mutually adjusted for bonding and bridging social capital.

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