Table 1 Descriptive statistics of variables (adjusted for missing observations)
Variables | Observations | Mean(SD) /% |
|---|---|---|
Dependent variable (HRQoL) | ||
EQ-5D | 5453 | 0.86 (0.23) |
Missing | 84 | 1.5 |
Independent variables (PA) | ||
Walking | ||
Active | 873 | 15.8 |
Inactive | 4664 | 84.2 |
Sports and exercise | ||
Active | 660 | 11.9 |
Inactive | 4877 | 88.1 |
Objective measurement* | ||
Active | 102 | 11.5 |
Inactive | 783 | 88.5 |
Missing | 4652 | 84 |
Subjective measurement** | ||
Active | 2452 | 44.4 |
Inactive | 3067 | 55.6 |
Missing | 18 | 0.3 |
Independent variables (covariates) | ||
Age | 5537 | 50(6.2) |
Gender | ||
Male | 2519 | 45.5 |
Female | 3018 | 54.5 |
Marital status | ||
Other | 30 | 0.5 |
Married (living with partner) | 3618 | 65.3 |
Single | 735 | 13.3 |
Separated | 208 | 3.8 |
Divorced | 816 | 14.7 |
Widowed | 135 | 2.4 |
Income | 4535 | 35591.2 (29210) |
Missing | 1002 | 18.1 |
Income (missing observations imputed for) | 5537 | 35008.3 (26987.7) |
Drink alcohol | ||
Yes | 4702 | 84.9 |
No | 823 | 14.9 |
Missing | 12 | 0.2 |
Smokers | ||
Yes | 1206 | 21.8 |
No | 1926 | 34.8 |
Missing | 2405 | 43.4 |
BMI | ||
Underweight (under 18.5) | 30 | 0.5 |
Normal (18.5 – 25) | 1487 | 26.9 |
Overweight (25 – 30) | 1885 | 34 |
Obese (30+) | 1418 | 25.6 |
Missing | 717 | 13 |
Ethnicity | ||
White | 5029 | 90.8 |
Mixed | 44 | 0.8 |
Asian | 260 | 4.7 |
Black | 140 | 2.5 |
Chinese | 28 | 0.5 |
Other | 17 | 0.3 |
Missing | 19 | 0.3 |
Education | ||
Nvq4/nvq5/degree or equivalent | 1228 | 22.2 |
Higher education below degree | 746 | 13.5 |
Nvq3/GCE ‘A’ level equivalent | 749 | 13.5 |
Nvq2/GCE ‘O’ level equivalent | 1404 | 25.4 |
Nvq1/CSE other grade equivalent | 239 | 4.5 |
Foreign/other | 53 | 1.0 |
No qualification | 1102 | 19.9 |
Missing | 16 | 0.3 |
Employment status | ||
Employed | 4215 | 76.1 |
Unemployed | 163 | 2.9 |
Retired | 259 | 4.7 |
Other economically inactive | 884 | 16 |
Missing | 16 | 0.3 |