From: Individual and social determinants of multiple chronic disease behavioral risk factors among youth
 | Rate ratiob 95% CIc | Rate ratiob 95% CIc | Rate ratiob 95% CIc | Rate ratiob 95% CIc | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Model 1 |  |  | Model 2 |  |  | Model 3 |  |  | Model 4 |  |  |
 | Individual characteristics |  |  | Individual characteristics |  |  | Individual characteristics |  |  | Individual characteristics |  |  |
 | Distal |  |  | Distal |  |  | Distal |  |  | Distal |  |  |
 | Self-esteemd | 0.97 | 0.97, 0.98 | Self-esteemd | 0.98 | 0.97, 0.98 | Self-esteemd | 0.98 | 0.98, 0.99 | Self-esteemd | 0.98 | 0.98, 0.99 |
 | Academic performance |  |  | Academic performance |  |  | Academic performance |  |  | Academic performance |  |  |
 | Poor/very poor | 1 | Referent | Poor/very poor | 1 | Referent | Poor/very poor | 1 | Referent | Poor/very poor | 1 | Referent |
 | Average | 0.93 | 0.85, 1.01 | Average | 0.93 | 0.85, 1.01 | Average | 0.98 | 0.88, 1.09 | Average | 0.98 | 0.88, 1.09 |
 | Well | 0.88 | 0.80, 0.96 | Well | 0.88 | 0.80, 0.97 | Well | 0.94 | 0.84, 1.05 | Well | 0.94 | 0.84, 1.04 |
 | Very well | 0.88 | 0.79, 0.97 | Very well | 0.88 | 0.79, 0.98 | Very well | 0.96 | 0.86, 1.08 | Very well | 0.96 | 0.85, 1.08 |
 | Time |  |  | Ultimate |  |  | Ultimate |  |  | Ultimate |  |  |
 | 1 (Cycle 4) | 1 | Referent | Sex |  |  | Sex |  |  | Sex |  |  |
 | 2 (Cycle 5) | 1.08 | 1.03, 1.14 | Female | 1 | Referent | Female | 1 | Referent | Female | 1 | Referent |
 | 3 (Cycle 6) | 1.37 | 1.30, 1.44 | Male | 1.00 | 0.95, 1.05 | Male | 1.01 | 0.97, 1.05 | Male | 1.01 | 0.97, 1.05 |
 | Intercept | 3.38 | 3.00, 3.81 | Age, yearse |  |  | Age, yearse |  |  | Age, yearse |  |  |
 |  |  |  | 10 | 1 | Referent | 10 | 1 | Referent | 10 | 1 | Referent |
 |  |  |  | 11 | 1.07 | 1.01, 1.13 | 11 | 1.01 | 0.96, 1.06 | 11 | 1.01 | 0.96, 1.06 |
 |  |  |  | Anxietyf | 1.01 | 1.00, 1.02 | Anxietyf | 1.00 | 0.99, 1.01 | Anxietyf | 1.01 | 1.00, 1.01 |
 |  |  |  | Time |  |  | Social characteristics |  |  | Social characteristics |  |  |
 |  |  |  | 1 (Cycle 4) | 1 | Referent | Distal |  |  | Distal |  |  |
 |  |  |  | 2 (Cycle 5) | 1.09 | 1.03, 1.14 | PMK smoking status |  |  | PMK smoking status |  |  |
 |  |  |  | 3 (Cycle 6) | 1.37 | 1.30, 1.44 | Nonsmoker | 1 | Referent | Nonsmoker | 1 | Referent |
 |  |  |  | Intercept | 3.09 | 2.66, 3.60 | Smoker | 1.10 | 1.05, 1.16 | Smoker | 1.11 | 1.05, 1.16 |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | PMK drinking status |  |  | PMK drinking status |  |  |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Nondrinker | 1 | Referent | Nondrinker | 1 | Referent |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Drinker | 1.01 | 0.97, 1.06 | Drinker | 1.01 | 0.97, 1.05 |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Parent-child relationshipg | 1.00 | 0.99, 1.00 | Parent-child relationshipg | 1.00 | 0.99, 1.00 |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Peer smoking |  |  | Peer smoking |  |  |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | No peers | 1 | Referent | No peers | 1 | Referent |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | A few peers | 1.13 | 1.06, 1.21 | A few peers | 1.14 | 1.07, 1.22 |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Most/All peers | 1.40 | 1.27, 1.54 | Most/All peers | 1.41 | 1.28, 1.55 |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Peer drinking |  |  | Peer drinking |  |  |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | No peers | 1 | Referent | No peers | 1 | Referent |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | A few peers | 1.12 | 1.05, 1.20 | A few peers | 1.12 | 1.04, 1.19 |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Most/All peers | 1.24 | 1.15, 1.35 | Most/All peers | 1.23 | 1.14, 1.34 |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Peer-child relationshiph | 1.00 | 0.99, 1.00 | Peer-child relationshiph | 0.99 | 0.99, 1.00 |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Time |  |  | Social characteristics |  |  |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 (Cycle 4) | 1 | Referent | Ultimate |  |  |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 (Cycle 5) | 1.05 | 0.99, 1.10 | Family structure |  |  |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3 (Cycle 6) | 1.15 | 1.08, 1.23 | 2 parents | 1 | Referent |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Intercept | 3.04 | 2.60, 3.35 | 1 parent | 1.04 | 0.97, 1.12 |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | PMK Education |  |  |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Low (< 12 years of school) | 1 | Referent |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | High (≥l2 years of school) | 0.99 | 0.94, 1.05 |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Annual household income |  |  |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < CAN$30,000 | 1 | Referent |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | CAN$30,000- 59,999 | 1.00 | 0.94. 1.08 |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | CAN$60,000- 89,999 | 1.09 | 1.00, 1.17 |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ≥CAN$90,000 | 1.04 | 0.96, 1.12 |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Time |  |  |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 (Cycle 4) | 1 | Referent |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 (Cycle 5) | 1.04 | 0.99, 1.10 |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3 (Cycle 6) | 1.15 | 1.08, 1.22 |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Intercept | 2.95 | 2.49, 3.50 |
-2 Log Li | 1294.37 | Â | Â | 1285.03 | Â | Â | 1097.17 | Â | Â | 1086.24 | Â | Â |
Log L ratioj | 76.94*** | Â | Â | 9.34** | Â | Â | 187.86*** | Â | Â | 10.93* | Â | Â |
DF | 4 | Â | Â | 3 | Â | Â | 8 | Â | Â | 5 | Â | Â |