Taking one or more preventive measures | Strong intention to comply with government-advised preventive measures in the future† | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Row % | ORu | 95% CI | p-value | ORm | 95% CI | p-value | Row % | ORu | 95% CI | p-value | ORm | 95% CI | p-value | |
Demographic characteristics | ||||||||||||||
Sex | ||||||||||||||
male | 36.9 | 1.00 | 45.3 | 1.00 | ||||||||||
female | 41.5 | 1.21 | 0.93-1.58 | 0.1 | - | - | - | 53.0 | 1.36 | 1.05-1.76 | 0.02 | - | - | - |
Age | ||||||||||||||
18-29 years | 35.1 | 1.00 | ns | - | - | - | 28.9 | 1.00 | <0.001 | 1.00 | 0.007 | |||
30-49 years | 36.2 | 1.05 | 0.67-1.64 | 44.2 | 1.95 | 1.23-3.08 | 1.77 | 0.94-3.35 | ||||||
above 50 years | 42.0 | 1.34 | 0.88-2.05 | 57.1 | 3.27 | 2.10-5.10 | 2.61 | 1.39-4.90 | ||||||
Ethnicity | ||||||||||||||
Dutch | 39.1 | 1.00 | ns | - | - | - | 49.4 | 1.00 | ns | - | - | - | ||
non-Dutch | 39.0 | 1.00 | 0.62-1.60 | 45.5 | 0.86 | 0.54-1.37 | ||||||||
Education | ||||||||||||||
low | 37.8 | 1.00 | ns | - | - | - | 56.3 | 1.00 | 0.002 | - | - | - | ||
intermediate | 40.2 | 1.11 | 0.82-1.50 | 45.9 | 0.66 | 0.49-0.89 | ||||||||
high | 39.3 | 1.07 | 0.76-1.49 | 42.6 | 0.58 | 0.42-0.80 | ||||||||
Employment status | ||||||||||||||
employed | 38.9 | 1.00 | ns | - | - | - | 41.5 | 1.00 | ||||||
unemployed/retired | 39.4 | 1.02 | 0.78-1.33 | 58.9 | 2.02 | 1.55-2.63 | <0.001 | - | - | - | ||||
Marital status | ||||||||||||||
single | 39.4 | 1.00 | ns | - | - | - | 41.7 | 1.00 | 0.04 | |||||
married/cohabited | 39.3 | 0.99 | 0.71-1.39 | 50.1 | 1.40 | 1.01-1.96 | ||||||||
divorced/widowed | 36.2 | 0.87 | 0.49-1.55 | 58.0 | 1.93 | 1.10-3.39 | - | - | - | |||||
Children < 18 yrs in household | ||||||||||||||
yes | 34.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 44.8 | 1.00 | |||||||||
no | 40.9 | 1.35 | 0.99-1.82 | 0.06 | 1.45 | 1.04-2.00 | 0.03 | 50.6 | 1.27 | 0.94-1.69 | 0.1 | - | - | - |
Knowledge score | ||||||||||||||
<4 | 36.5 | 1.00 | 47.0 | 1.00 | ns | - | - | - | ||||||
≥4 | 41.1 | 1.22 | 0.93-1.59 | 0.1 | - | - | - | 50.6 | 1.15 | 0.89-1.49 | ||||
Perceived severity (summary score) | ||||||||||||||
low severity | 34.0 | 1.00 | 37.3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||||||
high severity | 44.5 | 1.56 | 1.20-2.03 | 0.001 | - | - | - | 61.7 | 2.71 | 2.08-3.53 | <0.001 | 1.62 | 1.07-2.44 | 0.02 |
Perceived vulnerability (summary score) | ||||||||||||||
low vulnerability | 35.4 | 1.00 | 45.2 | 1.00 | ||||||||||
high vulnerability | 47.5 | 1.66 | 1.25-2.20 | <0.001 | - | - | - | 57.7 | 1.66 | 1.25-2.19 | <0.001 | - | - | - |
Anxiety (summary score) | ||||||||||||||
low anxiety | 30.6 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 39.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
high anxiety | 53.1 | 2.57 | 1.96-3.38 | <0.001 | 1.93 | 1.43-2.61 | <0.001 | 64.8 | 2.81 | 2.14-3.70 | <0.001 | 2.22 | 1.44-3.42 | <0.001 |
Perceived efficacy (summary score) | ||||||||||||||
low efficacy | 32.8 | 1.00 | 31.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||||||
high efficacy | 46.4 | 1.77 | 1.36-2.31 | <0.001 | - | - | - | 70.1 | 5.21 | 3.94-6.89 | <0.001 | 2.57 | 1.77-3.74 | <0.001 |
Perceived self-efficacy (summary score) | ||||||||||||||
low self-efficacy | 31.3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 18.4 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
high self-efficacy | 48.6 | 2.08 | 1.59-2.72 | <0.001 | 1.68 | 1.26-2.22 | <0.001 | 86.3 | 27.9 | 19.5-39.8 | <0.001 | 21.53 | 14.70-31.55 | <0.001 |
Maladaptive response (summary score) | ||||||||||||||
Underestimation statements | ||||||||||||||
(fully) disagree/not disagree-agree (1-3) | 43.0 | 1.00 | 56.5 | 1.00 | ||||||||||
(fully) agree (4-5) | 33.4 | 0.67 | 0.51-0.87 | 0.003 | - | - | - | 38.2 | 0.48 | 0.36-0.62 | <0.001 | - | - | - |
Fatalism statements | ||||||||||||||
(fully) disagree/not disagree-agree (1-3) | 43.3 | 1.00 | 57.1 | 1.00 | ||||||||||
(fully) agree (4-5) | 34.1 | 0.68 | 0.52-0.89 | 0.004 | - | - | - | 39.5 | 0.49 | 0.38-0.64 | <0.001 | - | - | - |
Avoidance statements | ||||||||||||||
(fully) disagree/not disagree-agree (1-3) | 34.6 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 45.7 | 1.00 | |||||||||
(fully) agree (4-5) | 46.2 | 1.63 | 1.24-2.13 | <0.001 | 1.43 | 1.07-1.90 | 0.02 | 54.3 | 1.41 | 1.08-1.84 | 0.01 | - | - | - |
Amount of information received | ||||||||||||||
nothing/little/some (1-3) | 33.2 | 1.00 | 46.2 | 1.00 | ||||||||||
much/very much (4-5) | 44.8 | 1.64 | 1.25-2.13 | <0.001 | - | - | - | 51.8 | 1.25 | 0.97-1.62 | 0.09 | - | - | - |
Attention paid to the information | ||||||||||||||
(very) little/some (1-3) | 33.1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 44.4 | 1.00 | |||||||||
much/very much (4-5) | 61.3 | 3.19 | 2.31-4.40 | <0.001 | 2.36 | 1.67-3.33 | <0.001 | 66.7 | 2.51 | 1.81-3.47 | <0.001 | - | - | - |
Reliability of governmental information | ||||||||||||||
not (at all)/little reliable (1-3) | 36.0 | 1.00 | 39.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||||||
(very) reliable (4-5) | 42.7 | 1.33 | 1.02-1.73 | 0.04 | - | - | - | 59.9 | 2.26 | 1.74-2.94 | <0.001 | 1.74 | 1.19-2.55 | 0.004 |
Sufficiency of governmental information | ||||||||||||||
not (at all)/little sufficient (1-3) | 36.8 | 1.00 | 46.2 | 1.00 | ||||||||||
(very) sufficient (4-5) | 41.5 | 1.22 | 0.94-1.59 | 0.1 | - | - | - | 52.0 | 1.26 | 0.97-1.63 | 0.08 | - | - | - |
R2 | 0.14 | 0.60 |