Skip to main content

Table 3 Association between non-collision injuries occurrence and associated risk factors

From: Prevalence and risk factors for non-collision injuries among bus commuters in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Factor

Frequency (%)

COR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

Sex

 Female

75 (36)

  

 Male

129 (64)

0.87 (0.51-1.48)

3.39 (0.76-6.18)

Age (in years)

 18-28

115 (56)

Reference

 

 29-39

69 (34)

0.87 (0.44-2.35)

3.55 (0.45-6.66)

 40-50

15 (8)

0.45 (0.19-1.04)

0.41 (0.11-2.58)

 51-61

5 (2)

1.76 (0.26- 4.75)

0.84 (0.15-4.5)

Bus carrying capacity

 25-34

96 (33)

Reference

 

 35-45

95 (33)

0.55 (0.28-1.05)

1.54 (0.37-3.19)

 46 and above

99 (34)

2.87 (0.67-6.03)

3.65 (0.38-5.88)

Injury time

 05:00 am-10:00 am

106 (32)

Reference

 

 11:00 am-04:00 pm

100 (31)

0.88 (0.21-4.67)

0.59 (0.15-3.32)

 05:00 pm-10:00 pm

119 (36)

6.11 (2.27-18.61.)

9.24 (2.68-19.54) *

 11:00 pm-04:00 am

2 (1)

0.82 (0.34-3.12)

1.47 (0.23-4.63)

Injury mechanism(n = 426)c

 Poor driving skills

57 (13)

Reference

 

 Boarding and disembarking

110 (26)

6.36 (2.45-21.32)

9.21 (3.77-25.11) **

 Scramblingb

148 (35)

3.42 (1.92-14.19)

5.03 (2.51-21.32) **

 Bus interior settings

111 (26)

7.43 (0.63-23.58)

4.07 (0.87-11.26)

Weekly time(n = 390)c

 Weekends

71 (18)

Reference

 

 Weekdays

319 (82)

2.34(1.86-7.18)

4.44 (2.43-9.63)***

Body position(n = 244)c

 Sitting

46 (19)

Reference

 

 Standing

108 (44)

8.22 (3.01-22.92)

4.84(1.28-12.11)***

 Walking

90 (37)

3.89 (1.32-7.55)

4.78 (1.88-15.41)***

Overcrowding status(n = 250)c

 Seats available

29 (12)

Reference

 

 Standing room only

56 (22)

14.21 (0.32-22.76)

8.67 (0.46-15.31)

 Already full when boarding

165 (66)

7.49 (2.22-18.32)

3.79 (1.55-9.72)

Body part injured(n = 431)c

 Stomach

16 (4)

Reference

 

 Face

25 (6)

1.19 (0.11-4.39)

0. 88 (0.25-4.61)

 Lower limbs

138 (32)

12.34 (3.03-27.11)

8.64 (2.72-21.76)***

 Head

60 (14)

2.44 (0.78-7.55)

1.15 (0.41-5.72)

 Neck

27 (6)

0.34 (0.18-2.22)

0.86 (0.21-3.82)

 Upper limbs

156 (36)

9.87 (4.72-29.45)

13.55 (5.32-33.21)***

 Chest

9 (2)

0.33 (0.13-3.29)

1.01 (0.38-5.76)

  1. Each OR represents a separate unadjusted logistic regression model
  2. Bolded figures indicate statistical significant results
  3. COR Crude Odds Ratio, AOR Adjusted Odds Ratio
  4. cThe results include the responses from all four injuries frequencies reported in which each factor is mutually inclusive which results to a different total n value for each factor
  5. Adjusted for age and sex (confounders). *Scrambling during boarding means; non-collision injuries that occurred when a person was scrambling only
  6. *Boarding and disembarking means; non-collision injuries that occurred when commuter is entering or stepping out of the bus without scrambling
  7. p-value * < 0.05; ** < 0.01; *** < 0.001
Back to article page

BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

Contact us