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Table 2 Logistic Regression Results for Having Any Inpatient Care/Outpatient Care Visit in the Last Year/Last Month

From: Urban-rural differences in healthcare utilization among beneficiaries in China’s new cooperative medical scheme

Had a visit last year/last month (no = 0, yes = 1)

Inpatient care (N = 12,178)

 

Outpatient care (N = 12,042)

 

Insurance Type (Ref = Rural covered)

OR

CI

OR

CI

Urban covered

0.933

(0.821,

1.061)

0.996

(0.891,

1.114)

Age (Ref = < 45)

 45+

1.435**

(1.037,

1.986)

1.271**

(1.006,

1.607)

 55+

1.600***

(1.154,

2.217)

1.156

(0.910,

1.469)

 65+

2.035***

(1.465,

2.828)

1.326**

(1.038,

1.693)

Sex (Ref = female)

 Male

0.864**

(0.765,

0.976)

1.400***

(1.260,

1.554)

Education level (Ref = No formal)

 Elementary

0.929

(0.814,

1.061)

1.092

(0.973,

1.226)

 Middle

0.899

(0.756,

1.069)

1.072

(0.924,

1.244)

Marital Status (Ref = Unmarried)

 Married

0.979

(0.854,

1.122)

1.016

(0.902,

1.144)

Job (Ref = No employment)

 Agricultural

0.681***

(0.599,

0.774)

1.095

(0.974,

1.232)

 Nonagricultural

0.548***

(0.457,

0.657)

1.016

(0.872,

1.184)

Health Status (Ref = Poor)

 Good

0.210***

(0.167,

0.263)

0.214***

(0.176,

0.259)

 Fair

0.350***

(0.311,

0.394)

0.484***

(0.438,

0.536)

Chronic Diseases (Ref = No Diseases)

 Diabetes

1.338***

(1.120,

1.598)

1.294***

(1.109,

1.509)

 Hypertension

1.201**

(1.006,

1.433)

1.153*

(0.991,

1.342)

 Diabetes & Hypertension

1.683***

(1.337,

2.118)

1.222*

(0.981,

1.523)

 Other

1.343***

(1.166,

1.547)

1.196***

(1.061,

1.348)

BMI (Ref = Normal)

 Healthy

0.998

(0.801,

1.243)

0.953

(0.786,

1.155)

 Overweight

1.203

(0.949,

1.525)

0.917

(0.744,

1.129)

 Obese

1.152

(0.911,

1.456)

0.854

(0.694,

1.052)

Per Capita Annual Expenditure (Ref = Bottom)

 Middle

1.193**

(1.037,

1.373)

1.083

(0.962,

1.219)

 Top

1.671***

(1.451,

1.924)

1.161**

(1.023,

1.317)

  1. We show odds ratios here, and 95% confidence interval in parentheses. Counts do not sum to 12,190 due to missing values for some of the independent variables
  2. ***Significant at 1% level (two-tailed test)
  3. **Significant at 5% level (two-tailed test)
  4. *Significant at 10% level (two-tailed test)
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