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Table 2 Association of Race/Ethnicity and Receipt of Physician Recommendation on Meeting Aerobic and Strengthening Physical Activity Guidelines, and Arthritis-Associated Activity Limitations among U.S. Adults Aged ≥ 18 years with Arthritis, National Health Interview Survey, 2002, 2006, 2009, and 2014

From: The effects of race/ethnicity and physician recommendation for physical activity on physical activity levels and arthritis symptoms among adults with arthritis

 

Meets Aerobic Physical Activity Guidelines1

Meets Muscle Strengthening Physical Activity Guidelines1

Has Arthritis-Associated Activity Limitations1

Unadjusted OR

(95% CI)

Adjusted OR

(95% CI)

Unadjusted OR

(95% CI)

Adjusted OR

(95% CI)

Unadjusted OR

(95% CI)

Adjusted OR

(95% CI)

  

N = 23,722

 

N = 24,208

 

N = 24,253

Race/ethnicity (ref: White)

 African American

0.82 (0.74–0.90)

1.08 (0.96–1.21)

0.94 (0.84–1.05)

1.27 (1.12–1.43)

1.24 (1.15–1.35)

1.03 (0.93–1.14)

 Latino

0.83 (0.75–0.93)

0.94 (0.84–1.06)

0.75 (0.66–0.85)

0.95 (0.83–1.10)

1.14 (1.03–1.25)

0.95 (0.84–1.08)

 Asian

1.13 (0.91–1.39)

0.80 (0.64–1.00)

1.17 (0.98–1.41)

0.75 (0.61–0.92)

0.84 (0.70–1.00)

1.01 (0.79–1.28)

Received Physician Recommendation for Exercise to Help Arthritis (ref: No)

 Yes

1.07 (1.04–1.11)

1.20 (1.11–1.30)

1.13 (1.09–1.18)

1.21 (1.11–1.33)

1.30 (1.26–1.34)

1.27 (1.17–1.39)

Interaction term for Race (ref: White) x Received Physician Recommendation

 African American x Received Physician Recommendation

 

0.94 (0.85–1.04)

 

0.97 (0.85–1.11)

 

0.96 (0.86–1.06)

 Latino x Received Physician Recommendation

 

1.05 (0.94–1.17)

 

0.85 (0.74–0.99)

 

1.03 (0.91–1.16)

 Asian x Received Physician Recommendation

 

1.09 (0.90–1.32)

 

1.23 (0.98–1.54)

 

1.01 (0.80–1.27)

Health Characteristics

 Smoking Status (ref: Never)

  Former

1.12 (1.07–1.18)

1.14 (1.08–1.20)

1.17 (1.10–1.25)

1.20 (1.12–1.29)

0.94 (0.90–0.98)

0.97 (0.92–1.02)

  Current

0.81 (0.76–0.86)

0.84 (0.78–0.90)

0.70 (0.65–0.76)

0.73 (0.66–0.79)

1.20 (1.14–1.27)

1.04 (0.98–1.11)

 BMI (ref: < 25, underweight/normal)

  25–29.9, overweight

1.12 (1.07–1.17)

1.08 (1.03–1.14)

1.02 (0.96–1.09)

0.99 (0.93–1.06)

0.90 (0.86–0.93)

0.95 (0.91–1.00)

   ≥ 30, obese

0.76 (0.72–0.79)

0.77 (0.73–0.81)

0.72 (0.68–0.76)

0.72 (0.68–0.77)

1.34 (1.28–1.39)

1.19 (1.14–1.26)

 Self-reported health status (ref: good, very good, excellent)

  poor/fair

0.54 (0.52–0.56)

0.67 (0.64–0.70)

0.58 (0.55–0.62)

0.74 (0.70–0.79)

2.26 (2.18–2.35)

1.74 (1.67–1.81)

 Number of Comorbidities (Ref: 0)

  1–2

1.06 (1.01–1.10)

1.02 (0.97–1.08)

1.01 (0.96–1.07)

0.99 (0.93–1.05)

0.90 (0.87–0.94)

0.96 (0.92–1.00)

   ≥ 3

0.60 (0.57–0.64)

0.87 (0.82–0.93)

0.64 (0.59–0.69)

0.89 (0.82–0.96)

1.96 (1.85–2.07)

1.25 (1.18–1.33)

 Psychological Distress (Ref: none to mild (0–4))

  moderate (5–12)

1.08 (1.00–1.16)

1.07 (0.99–1.16)

1.07 (0.97–1.17)

1.05 (0.95–1.16)

1.03 (0.97–1.10)

1.05 (0.98–1.12)

  severe (≥ 13)

0.56 (0.50–0.63)

0.76 (0.67–0.85)

0.62 (0.53–0.71)

0.86 (0.73–1.01)

2.48 (2.25–2.73)

1.64 (1.47–1.83)

  1. 1 Controlling for demographic factors (age, sex, education, marital status, income, employment, health insurance, having a usual source of care, and U.S. region) and health characteristics (smoking status, body mass index, self-rated health, number of comorbidities, and psychological distress)