Table 1 Characteristics of sample married women in the Ethiopia 2016 Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) sample
Frequency | % | |
|---|---|---|
outcome variable (Anemia) | ||
None anemic | 6412 | 69.5 |
Anemic | 2808 | 30.5 |
Individual-level Characteristics(n = 9220) | ||
Women’s autonomy | ||
Low | 7196 | 61.0 |
High | 3597 | 39.0 |
Socio demographic and economic characteristics | ||
Women’s Age | ||
15–24 | 2294 | 24.9 |
25–34 | 3852 | 41.9 |
35–49 | 3074 | 33.3 |
Women’s age at first Marriage | ||
< 16 | 3519 | 38.2 |
16–20 | 4194 | 45.5 |
> 20 | 1507 | 16.3 |
Religion | ||
Orthodox | 3337 | 36.2 |
Protestant | 1706 | 18.5 |
Muslim | 3998 | 43.4 |
Others | 179 | 1.9 |
Women’s education level | ||
No Education | 5387 | 58.4 |
Primary | 2553 | 27.7 |
Secondary | 805 | 8.7 |
Higher | 475 | 5.1 |
Education level of husband or partner | ||
No education | 4192 | 45.5 |
Primary | 2905 | 31.5 |
Secondary | 1126 | 12.2 |
Higher | 911 | 9.9 |
Women’s employment | ||
No | 6267 | 67.9 |
Yes | 2953 | 23.1 |
Currently pregnant | ||
No | 8199 | 88.3 |
Yes | 1021 | 11.1 |
Currently breastfeeding | ||
No | 5379 | 58.3 |
Yes | 3841 | 41.7 |
Currently amenorrheic | ||
No | 6753 | 73.2 |
Yes | 2467 | 26.8 |
Number of children ever born | ||
0 | 889 | 9.6 |
1–2 | 2749 | 29.8 |
3–4 | 2205 | 23.9 |
5+ | 337 | 36.6 |
Current use of contraceptive | ||
No | 6402 | 69.4 |
Yes | 2818 | 30.6 |
Women ever chewed Chat | ||
No | 8174 | 88.7 |
Yes | 1046 | 11.3 |
Wealth Index | ||
Poor | 4198 | 45.5 |
Non-Poor | 5022 | 54.5 |
History of terminated pregnancy | ||
No | 8233 | 89.3 |
Yes | 987 | 10.7 |
Women’s BMI | ||
< 18.5(underweight) | 2078 | 22.5 |
18.5–24.9(normal weight) | 6010 | 65.2 |
≥ 25(overweight) | 1132 | 12.3 |
Health care access | ||
Covered by health insurance | ||
No | 8841 | 95.9 |
Yes | 379 | 4.1 |
Visiting health facility in the last 12 months | ||
No | 4558 | 49.4 |
Yes | 4662 | 50.6 |
Community-level characteristics | ||
Place of residence | ||
Urban | 2229 | 24.2 |
Rural | 6991 | 75.8 |
% of women with high decision-making autonomy | ||
Low | 226 | 35.0 |
Medium | 152 | 23.5 |
High | 267 | 41.4 |
% of women with non-poor wealth index | ||
Low | 196 | 30.4 |
Medium | 184 | 28.5 |
High | 265 | 41.1 |
% women with higher education | ||
Low | 228 | 35.3 |
Medium | 255 | 39.5 |
High | 162 | 25.1 |
% women who chewed chat | ||
Low | 315 | 48.8 |
Medium | 173 | 26.8 |
High | 157 | 24.3 |