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Table 5 Logistic Regression with Single Attempt at Quitting/ Successful on First Attempt

From: Factors motivating smoking cessation: a cross-sectional study in a lower-middle-income country

Variable

Successful on First Attempt

Successful on First Attempt

Crude OR [95% CI]

P-Value

Adjusted a OR [95% CI]

P-Value

Age Groups

18–30 Years

Reference

 

Reference

 

31–45 Years

2.54 (1.48–4.37)

0.001

0.39 (0.12–1.26)

0.115

46–60 Years

1.67 (0.94–2.98)

0.081

1.23 (0.44–3.44)

0.699

  > 60 Years

1.74 (0.75–4.03)

0.197

0.78 (0.28–2.16)

0.628

Sex

Male

1.76 (0.75–4.14)

0.197

1.28 (0.52–3.18)

0.593

Female

Reference

 

Reference

 

Monthly Family Income

  < Rs. 25,000

Reference

 

Reference

 

Rs. 25,000-Rs. 50,000

0.73 (0.38–1.40)

0.347

0.62 (0.32–1.23)

0.172

Rs. 50,000-Rs. 75,000

1.03 (0.56–1.87)

0.936

0.75 (0.37–1.53)

0.426

  > Rs. 75,000

1.54 (0.84–2.80)

0.161

1.35 (0.69–2.66)

0.384

Cigarettes/day before Quitting

  < 10 Cigarettes

Reference

 

Reference

 

  ≥ 10 Cigarettes

0.90 (0.57–1.44)

0.667

0.753 (0.455–1.246)

0.270

Duration of Smoking (years)

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

0.310

0.98 (0.95–1.02)

0.336

Suffered/Suffering from a Smoking-related Health Problem

1.20 (0.77–1.87)

0.415

0.92 (0.53–1.61)

0.777

Marital Status

Married

2.82 [1.89–4.44]

<  0.001

4.47 [2.32–8.61]

0.001

Unmarried

Reference

 

Reference

Mode of Quitting for Successful Attempt

Abrupt Cessation/Cold Turkey

3.81 [2.37–6.12]

<  0.001

4.12 [2.48–6.84]

<  0.001

Gradual Reduction

Reference

 

Reference

Cessation Aid Used

0.26 [0.16–0.42]

<  0.001

0.20 [0.08–0.48]

<  0.001

Major Reasons for Quitting Smoking

To Improve/Protect Own Health

1.23 [0.75–2.02]

0.411

1.17 [0.66–2.07]

0.584

Family’s Promptings

0.57 [0.36–0.88]

0.011

0.51 [0.32–0.82]

0.005

To Improve/Protect Health of Family Member

1.68 [0.91–3.13]

0.100

1.53 [0.69–3.39]

0.291

To Save Money

0.81 [0.44–1.50]

0.503

0.90 [0.45–1.79]

0.766

Doctors’ Promptings

0.94 [0.49–1.78]

0.837

0.70 [0.34–1.43]

0.325

Friends’ Promptings

0.49 [0.22–1.09]

0.079

0.45 [0.20–1.04]

0.063

Smoking and Self-Image

“To be content with myself, I needed to give up smoking”

1.22 [0.77–1.93]

0.392

1.35 [0.84–2.19]

0.217

“I would feel upset with myself whenever I felt the urge to smoke”

0.88 [0.55–1.40]

0.582

0.82 [0.49–1.37]

0.451

“My dependency made me feel disappointed in myself”

0.88 [0.55–1.40]

0.580

0.85 [0.52–1.40]

0.526

“Smoking contradicted my view of myself as caring and responsible”

2.59 [1.50–4.46]

0.001

2.69 [1.52–4.77]

0.001

Smoking and Self-Discipline

“I told myself that it is a matter of my own choice to smoke or not”

1.44 [0.93–2.22]

0.099

1.57 [0.99–2.48]

0.053

“I told myself that I have the willpower within me to quit”

1.64 [1.05–2.56]

0.030

1.68 [1.04–2.71]

0.034

“I told myself that if I try hard enough, I can resist the urge to smoke”

2.47 [1.41–4.35]

0.002

2.65 [1.45–4.84]

0.002

“I made self-promises not to smoke”

0.91 [0.51–1.60]

0.734

1.08 [0.59–2.00]

0.800

How did you distract yourself when you felt the urge to smoke?

Consciously diverting thoughts to other matters

2.10 [1.33–3.32]

0.001

2.22 [1.35–3.65]

0.002

Tried to Keep Hands/Fingers Occupied

0.75 [0.48–1.18]

0.216

0.69 [0.43–1.11]

0.127

Engaged in Work

1.36 [0.84–2.20]

0.206

1.20 [0.73–1.99]

0.472

Engaged in Physical Exercise

0.61 [0.37–1.01]

0.053

0.65 [0.38–1.09]

0.103

Engaged in Hobbies

0.99 [0.58–1.66]

0.954

1.07 [0.62–1.87]

0.803

  1. a adjusted for age, sex, monthly family income, years smoked, cigarettes/day before quitting, suffered from a smoking-related health problem