Variables | Daily cigarette smoking amount (DCA) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | |||||
ß | S.E | P value | ß | S.E | P value | |
Change of depression status | ||||||
No → No | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
No → Yes | 0.414 | 0.338 | 0.2202 | −0.134 | 0.458 | 0.7702 |
Yes → No | −0.631 | 0.281 | 0.0248 | − 0.065 | 0.523 | 0.9006 |
Yes → Yes | −0.005 | 0.578 | 0.9933 | −0.769 | 0.727 | 0.2904 |
Age at the smoking initiation (years) | ||||||
Under than 19 | 0.477 | 0.219 | 0.0290 | −0.009 | 1.047 | 0.9934 |
19 or older | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
Age (years) | ||||||
19–29 | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
30–39 | 1.728 | 0.302 | <.0001 | 0.144 | 1.423 | 0.9196 |
40–49 | 2.280 | 0.344 | <.0001 | 1.591 | 1.312 | 0.2253 |
50–59 | 2.211 | 0.396 | <.0001 | 3.164 | 1.438 | 0.0278 |
60–69 | 0.880 | 0.472 | 0.0620 | 2.414 | 1.375 | 0.0792 |
≥ 70 | −1.377 | 0.513 | 0.0073 | 2.207 | 1.458 | 0.1301 |
Region | ||||||
Metropolitan | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
Rural | 0.415 | 0.249 | 0.0956 | −0.342 | 0.524 | 0.5136 |
Education level | ||||||
Middle school or under | 1.530 | 0.448 | 0.0006 | 0.041 | 1.833 | 0.9822 |
High school | 1.454 | 0.332 | <.0001 | 0.827 | 1.652 | 0.6164 |
College or above | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
Marriage status | ||||||
Living w spouse | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
Living w/o spouse | −0.126 | 0.243 | 0.6025 | 0.115 | 0.514 | 0.8228 |
Income level | ||||||
Low | −1.156 | 0.223 | <.0001 | −1.167 | 0.599 | 0.0514 |
Lower middle | −0.518 | 0.194 | 0.0075 | −0.314 | 0.601 | 0.6008 |
Upper middle | −0.249 | 0.172 | 0.1483 | −0.418 | 0.536 | 0.4348 |
High | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
Alcohol consumption | ||||||
Non-drinkers | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
Once a week or less | −0.089 | 0.197 | 0.6515 | 0.371 | 0.468 | 0.4286 |
2–3 times a week | 0.434 | 0.220 | 0.0485 | 1.516 | 0.568 | 0.0076 |
More than 4 times a week | 1.972 | 0.252 | <.0001 | 2.080 | 0.676 | 0.0021 |
Chronic diseases | ||||||
No | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
Yes | −0.272 | 0.142 | 0.0547 | −0.200 | 0.352 | 0.5696 |
Year | ||||||
2009 | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
2010 | −0.243 | 0.186 | 0.1915 | −0.238 | 0.495 | 0.6303 |
2011 | −0.454 | 0.196 | 0.0206 | −0.195 | 0.512 | 0.7029 |
2012 | −1.389 | 0.255 | <.0001 | −0.399 | 0.986 | 0.6854 |
2013 | −1.552 | 0.269 | <.0001 | −0.779 | 1.080 | 0.4706 |
2014 | −1.779 | 0.278 | <.0001 | −1.039 | 1.011 | 0.3042 |
2015 | −2.991 | 0.287 | <.0001 | −1.696 | 1.073 | 0.1137 |
2016 | −2.908 | 0.281 | <.0001 | −1.865 | 1.097 | 0.0889 |
2017 | −2.870 | 0.288 | <.0001 | −1.920 | 1.076 | 0.0743 |
2018 | −2.795 | 0.301 | <.0001 | −1.252 | 1.067 | 0.2405 |