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Table 4 Differences in students with or without a perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on stress, depression, and anxiety (2020)

From: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on stress, mental health and coping behavior in German University students – a longitudinal study before and after the onset of the pandemic

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on…

Group

n

Mean

SD

p

study

 Stress

Impacta

1537

28.7

6.9

0.000

No impactb

268

25.9

7.1

 Depression

Impact

1329

5.0

4.9

0.144

No impact

181

4.4

5.1

 Anxiety

Impact

1328

4.5

4.3

0.168

No impact

181

4.0

4.1

economic existence

 Stress

Impact

445

30.8

6.6

0.000

No impact

1360

27.5

6.9

 Depression

Impact

384

6.3

5.5

0.000

No impact

1128

4.5

4.6

 Anxiety

Impact

383

5.2

4.8

0.000

No impact

1128

4.1

4.1

intangible existence

 Stress

Impact

1231

29.9

6.6

0.000

No impact

576

24.9

6.5

 Depression

Impact

1042

5.7

5.0

0.000

No impact

470

3.2

4.1

 Anxiety

Impact

1041

4.9

4.5

0.000

No impact

470

3.4

3.7

  1. aImpact response options: strongly agree, agree, or undecided
  2. bNo impact response options: disagree or highly disagree