Table 2 Characteristics of the study population
Characteristic | N | (%) |
|---|---|---|
Total no. of patients with diabetes mellitus | 4,472,133 | (100.0) |
Gender | ||
 Male | 2,357,100 | (52.7) |
 Female | 2,115,033 | (47.3) |
Age | ||
  < 65 | 2,449,067 | (54.8) |
  ≥ 65 | 2,023,067 | (45.2) |
Type of diabetes mellitusª | ||
 Type 1 diabetes mellitus | 172,733 | (3.9) |
 Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 3,937,200 | (88.0) |
 Other diabetes mellitus | 362,200 | (8.1) |
Use of diabetes medication | ||
 One or more diabetes medications | 3,391,733 | (75.8) |
 No medication | 1,080,400 | (24.2) |
Prevalence of diabetic complications or related comorbidities | ||
 Retinopathy | 262,933 | (5.9) |
 Nephropathy | 662,333 | (14.8) |
 Neuropathy | 806,433 | (18.0) |
 Cerebrovascular disease | 494,700 | (11.1) |
 Cardiovascular disease | 795,233 | (17.8) |
 Peripheral vascular disease | 1,088,033 | (24.3) |
 Metabolic disease | 321,533 | (7.2) |
Number of diabetic complications or related comorbidities | ||
 None | 1,901,667 | (42.5) |
 1 | 1,569,367 | (35.1) |
 2 | 727,567 | (16.3) |
  ≥ 3 | 273,533 | (6.1) |
Type of medical institution | ||
 Primary | 2,038,933 | (45.6) |
 Secondary | 1,678,800 | (37.5) |
 Tertiary | 754,400 | (16.9) |
Healthcare utilizationb | ||
 Had experience of hospitalization (inpatient setting) | 1,033,267 | (23.1) |
 Through emergency department visit | 298,367 | (6.7) |
 Through outpatient visit | 734,900 | (16.4) |
 Had no experience of hospitalization (outpatient setting) | 3,438,867 | (76.9) |
 No. of outpatient visits per patient, mean (SD) | 9.51 | (12.36) |
 No. of hospitalizations per patient, mean (SD) | 0.59 | (1.90) |
 Inpatient days per patient, mean (SD) | 9.16 | (42.20) |