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Table 3 Factors associated to the oral cancer (mouth, lip and oropharynx) standardized mortality rate in Latin American countriesa, between 2000 and 2015. Tweedie multiple regression analysis was used to estimate the effect of socioeconomic factors and economic investments on the mortality of oral cancer

From: Socioeconomic indicators and economic investments influence oral cancer mortality in Latin America

 

Unadjusted Model (all variables)

Adjusted Model (variables with p < 0.20)

Parameter

B

p-value

PR

95% CI

B

p-value

PR

95% CI

Lower

Upper

Lower

Upper

Male, 60 years or more

2.690

< 0.001

14.737

13.550

16.028

2.691

< 0.001

14.747

13.560

16.037

Female, 60 years or more

1.681

< 0.001

5.370

4.912

5.871

1.681

< 0.001

5.370

4.914

5.869

Male, 40 to 59 years

1.237

< 0.001

3.446

3.095

3.836

1.238

< 0.001

3.449

3.098

3.839

Female, 40 to 59 years

  

Ref.

    

Ref.

  

Year (2000 to 2015)

−0.004

0.337

0.996

0.988

1.004

     

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capta

−6.385E-6

0.303

1.000

1.000

1.000

−8.587E-6

0.132

1.000

1.000

1.000

Gini Index

0.046

< 0.001

1.047

1.037

1.056

0.047

< 0.001

1.048

1.039

1.057

Unemployment rate

0.000

0.967

1.000

0.990

1.010

     

Health expenditure per capta(%GDP)

0.088

< 0.001

1.092

1.048

1.138

0.082

< 0.001

1.085

1.044

1.129

Government Health Expenditure (as %GDP)

0.027

0.264

1.027

0.980

1.077

0.032

0.126

1.032

0.991

1.075

Government Education Investments (as % GDP)

0.048

0.044

1.050

1.001

1.100

0.045

0.063

1.046

0.998

1.096

Investments on Research and Development (as %GDP)

0.567

< 0.001

1.763

1.439

2.160

0.594

< 0.001

1.811

1.496

2.192

  1. Statistical significance of the adjusted model was set at 5%. aLatin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay and Peru. GDP Gross Domestic Product, B Regression Coeficient, PR Prevalence ratio, 95% CI 95% Confidence interval