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Fig. 5 | BMC Public Health

Fig. 5

From: Mortality in Tonga over three triennia, 2010–2018

Fig. 5

Estimates of life expectancy (LE) at birth by sex and data sourcea, Tonga, 2010–2018. a Estimates by international agencies and previous published reports are presented with present study empirical estimates for comparison purposes only and are not included in trend analysis. (1) Estimates from the present study based on reconciled routinely collected data for 2010–2012, 2013–2015, and 2016–2018 are shown with 95% confidence intervals at years “2010.75”, “2013.75”, and “2016.75” respectively. (2) Source: [9] Range of estimates for 2005–2009 based on reconciled data is shown at year 2009. The lower and upper limits of the range represent estimates adjusted by two-source and three-source capture-recapture analysis. (3) Source: 2016 Annual Report [36]. (4) Source: 2011 Census [28] and 2016 Census [22]. Estimates are shown offset at years “2010.75” and “2015.75”. (5) Source: WHO Global Health Estimate [40]. (6) Source: [42]. Estimates over 2010–2017 are shown offset at − 0.25 for each year. (7) Source: [41]. Estimates modelled from spatiotemporal and Gaussian process regressions. *95% uncertainty intervals not available by sex for years 2011–2016. 95%UI are not comparable to 95%CI. (8) Source: 2019 Edition [44]. Estimate shown at year 2012.5 is an average over 2010–2015

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