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Table 2 Average marginal effects (AMEs) of demographic characteristics and reports of discrimination for predicting foregoing healthcare

From: Discrimination in healthcare as a barrier to care: experiences of socially disadvantaged populations in France from a nationally representative survey

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

AME

s.e

AME

s.e

AME

s.e

Men (ref)

Women

0.023**

0.010

0.019*

0.010

0.011

0.010

No HC discrim (ref)

  

HC discrim

  

0.222***

0.039

0.140***

0.033

F-statistic

F = 59.7***

F = 5.59***

N

19,202

19,202

19,202

Mainland France (ref)

Overseas France

0.040***

0.015

0.035**

0.014

0.023*

0.013

North Africa

0.036***

0.01

0.028***

0.01

0.014

0.015

Sub-Saharan Africa

0.025*

0.013

0.017

0.012

0.007

0.013

Turkey

−0.004

0.014

−0.011

0.013

−0.018

0.016

Southeast Asia

− 0.029**

0.012

− 0.030**

0.012

− 0.022

0.017

Other Asia

−0.018

0.016

−0.016

0.016

−0.005

0.02

Americas

−0.010

0.024

−0.015

0.022

−0.001

0.025

Southern Europe

0.018

0.018

0.021

0.018

0.023

0.019

Other Europe

−0.004

0.015

−0.003

0.015

0.005

0.016

Mixed (1 from FR)

0.027*

0.014

0.027*

0.014

0.026*

0.014

Mixed (no FR)

0.044**

0.022

0.044**

0.022

0.046**

0.022

No HC discrim (ref)

  

HC discrim

  

0.224***

0.04

0.140***

0.033

F-statistic

F = 59.8***

F = 6.75***

N

19,202

19,202

19,202

French-born (ref)

2nd Generation

0.039***

0.011

0.036***

0.011

0.032***

0.011

1st Generation

0.007

0.008

0.005

0.008

0.005

0.009

No HC discrim (ref)

  

HC discrim

  

0.225***

0.04

0.139***

0.033

F-statistic

F = 60.3***

F = 6.85***

N

19,202

19,202

19,202

Christian (ref)

No Religion

0.017

0.011

0.013

0.011

0.010

0.011

Muslim

0.034***

0.01

0.025**

0.01

0.010

0.016

Jewish

−0.041*

0.024

−0.040

0.025

−0.044*

0.026

Buddhist

−0.040

0.025

−0.039

0.025

−0.025

0.033

Hindu/Sikh

0.034

0.046

0.031

0.046

0.013

0.045

Other Religion

0.134*

0.079

0.122

0.075

0.085

0.067

Refuse/NSP

0.081

0.071

0.084

0.072

0.057

0.064

No HC discrim (ref)

  

HC discrim

  

0.221***

0.039

0.140***

0.033

F-statistic

F = 58.5***

F = 6.33***

N

19,202

19,202

19,202

  1. Each panel (i.e., gender, origin, migrant generation, religion) is a separate set of nested logistic regression models predicting foregoing healthcare. Model 1 contains only the demographic characteristic of interest as a predictor. Model 2 adds discrimination in healthcare as a predictor, Model 3 then adds other covariates, including demographic characteristics, measures of socioeconomic status, and measures of health status. For conciseness, only the average marginal effects of demographic characteristics of interest and reported discrimination in healthcare are tabulated. HC: healthcare. *:p < .1; **:p < .05; ***:p < .01