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Table 4 The relationship between SMA practice and socio-demographic variables

From: Prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics and associated factors in the community of Asmara, Eritrea: a descriptive cross sectional survey

Variable

COR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

Gender

 Female

Ref

 

 Male

1.97 (1.36, 2.87)***

1.81 (1.01, 3.26)*

Age

 < 24

2.72 (1.49, 4.93)**

1.12 (0.43, 2.91)

 25–34

1.35 (0.77, 2.38)

0.75 (0.36, 1.72)

 35–44

1.30 (0.72, 2.33)

1.04 (0.48, 2.64)

 45–54

1.34 (0.69, 2.59)

1.09 (0.49, 2.41)

 > 55

Ref

 

Marital status

 Single

2.30 (1.04, 5.13)*

1.34 (0.43, 4.21)

 Married

1.00 (0.47, 2.15)

0.98 (0.37, 2.59)

 Divorced

1.14 (0.45, 4.52)

1.03 (0.26, 4.06)

 Widowed

Ref

 

Educational Level

 Illiterate

Ref

 

 Primary

0.96 (0.34, 2.70)

1.96 (0.56, 6.88)

 Junior

1.02 (0.38, 2.73)

1.62 (0.46, 5.72)

 Secondary

1.54 (0.62, 3.79)

1.92 (0.55, 6.69)

 College

2.60 (1.02, 6.62)*

2.80 (0.74, 10.63)

Occupation

 Governmental

Ref

 

 Private service

1.08 (0.56, 2.07)

1.06 (0.48, 2.32)

 Self employed

1.07 (0.54, 2.10)

0.76 (0.33, 1.79)

 Unemployed

1.17 (0.60, 2.28)

2.27 (0.95, 5.45)

 House wife

0.65 (0.40, 1.04)

1.45 (0.67, 3.10)

 Student

2.34 (1.09, 5.04)*

0.72 (0.24, 2.10)

Monthly income

 Non incomers

Ref

 

 Less than or equal to 1000

0.92 (0.54, 1.56)

NA

 1001 to 2500

1.22 (0.78, 1.19)

NA

 Greater than 2500

1.43 (0.75, 2.73)

NA

Knowledge

 Knowledgeable

Ref

 

 Non- knowledgeable

2.17 (1.30,3.61)**

2.13 (1.12, 4.05)*

Attitude

 Positive Attitude

Ref

 

 Negative attitude

6.56 (4.23,10.16)***

7.47 (4.54, 12.29)***

  1. Note: *** = p < 0.001, ** = p < 0.01, * = p < 0.05, AOR = Adjusted Odd’s Ratio CI = Confidence Interval, COR = Crude Odd’s Ratio, NA = Not Applicable, Ref = Reference category