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Table 3 HIV seroprevalence by demographic and behavioral characteristics among men who have sex with men consented for HIV testing in Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso

From: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among men who have sex with men: results of the first integrated biological and behavioral survey in Burkina Faso, West Africa

Variables

Ouagadougou

Bobo-Dioulasso

RDS unadjusted % HIV positive

RDS-adjusted % HIV Positive

(95% CI)

P value

RDS unadjusted % HIV positive

RDS-adjusted % HIV positive

(95% CI)

P value

Current age (years)

ā€ƒ<=24

2.2

1.3 (0.6ā€“2.8)

0.010

1.6

0.9 (0.4ā€“2.5)

<ā€‰0.001

ā€ƒ>ā€‰=ā€‰25

8.9

5.4 (2.2ā€“12.5)

10.8

6.6 (3.4ā€“12.3)

ā€ƒTotal

3.3

1.9 (1.1ā€“3.5)

4.0

2.3 (1.3ā€“4.0)

Marital status (with a woman)

ā€ƒSingle

2.6

1.5 (0.7ā€“3.0)

0.010

3.2

1.9 (1.0ā€“3.4)

<ā€‰0.001

ā€ƒOthera

15.8

11.0 (3.4ā€“30.2)

Ā 

25.0

16.1 (4.9ā€“41.7)

Country of birth

ā€ƒBurkina Faso

3.3

1.9 (1.0ā€“3.7)

0.924

3.6

2.1 (1.1ā€“3.9)

0.508

ā€ƒOther countries

3.5

2.1 (0.5ā€“8.0)

5.6

3.3 (1.0ā€“9.9)

Childhood environment

ā€ƒUrban

3.4

2.0 (1.1ā€“3.7)

0.942

3.6

2.1 (1.2ā€“3.8)

0.152

ā€ƒRural

3.7

2.2 (0.3ā€“14.2)

10.0

6.0 (1.5ā€“21.8)

Highest educational level

ā€ƒNone or primary

4.0

2.3 (0.3ā€“15.2)

0.348

12.8

7.8 (3.2ā€“17.9)

0.010

ā€ƒSecondary

2.5

1.4 (0.6ā€“3.2)

2.7

1.6 (0.7ā€“3.5)

ā€ƒUniversity

6.1

3.6 (1.3ā€“9.3)

3.1

1.8 (0.4ā€“7.0)

Occupation

ā€ƒStudent/pupil

2.1

1.2 (0.5ā€“3.0)

0.132

0.6

0.3 (0.0ā€“2.2)

<ā€‰0.001

ā€ƒEmployed

6.8

4.1 (1.7ā€“9.6)

9.3

6.4 (3.6ā€“11.1)

ā€ƒUnemployed

4.5

2.7 (0.4ā€“17.1)

0.0

ā€“

Number of biological children

ā€ƒ0

2.6

1.5 (0.8ā€“3.0)

0.012

2.3

1.3 (0.6ā€“2.8)

<ā€‰0.001

ā€ƒ>ā€‰=ā€‰1

12.0

7.3 (2.3ā€“20.9)

24.0

15.4 (6.8ā€“31.5)

Gender identity

ā€ƒMan

2.5

1.5 (0.7ā€“3.3)

0.699

4.5

2.6 (1.4ā€“5.0)

0.692

ā€ƒWoman

4.6

2.7 (0.4ā€“17.1)

4.0

2.3 (0.7ā€“7.1)

ā€ƒIntersex

5.5

3.2 (1.2ā€“8.6)

1.9

1.1 (0.2ā€“7.5)

Sexual orientation

ā€ƒGay/homosexual

3.5

2.1 (0.9ā€“4.6)

0.925

3.8

2.2 (1.1ā€“4.7)

0.906

ā€ƒBisexual

3.4

2.0 (0.8ā€“4.7)

3.9

2.3 (0.9ā€“5.4)

Heterosexual

0.0

ā€“

7.7

4.6 (0.6ā€“27.2)

Transgender

0.0

ā€“

0.0

Ā 

Had insertive anal sex in the past 12ā€‰months

ā€ƒNo

5.3

3.1 (0.4ā€“19.5)

0.623

7.6

4.5 (1.9ā€“10.6)

0.092

ā€ƒYes

3.2

1.9 (1.0ā€“3.5)

3.0

1.8 (0.9ā€“3.5)

Had receptive anal sex in the past 12ā€‰months

ā€ƒNo

2.7

1.5 (0.5ā€“04.7)

0.636

2.5

1.5 (0.5ā€“4.5)

0.328

ā€ƒYes

3.6

2.1 (1.1ā€“4.2)

4.7

2.8 (1.5ā€“5.2)

Number of male anal sex partners during the last 12ā€‰months

ā€ƒ1

2.7

1.6 (0.4ā€“6.1)

0.845

2.2

1.3 (0.3ā€“4.9)

0.572

ā€ƒ2

3.0

1.8 (0.7ā€“4.6)

4.8

2.8 (1.1ā€“6.4)

ā€ƒ>ā€‰=ā€‰3

4.0

2.4 (1.0ā€“5.6)

4.6

2.7 (1.1ā€“6.5)

At least 2 sexual partners currently

ā€ƒNo

8.3

1.3 (0.6ā€“2.9)

0.017

4.0

2.3 (1.3ā€“4.3)

0.974

ā€ƒYes

2.2

5.0 (2.0ā€“11.6)

4.0

2.3 (0.7ā€“7.0)

Tested for STIs during the last 12ā€‰months

ā€ƒNo

2.5

1.4 (0.6ā€“3.2)

0.432

3.1

1.8 (0.9ā€“3.6)

0.099

ā€ƒYes

5.7

3.4 (1.4ā€“8.0)

7.5

4.4 (1.8ā€“10.4)

Knowledge of the type of sex with the highest risk of HIV acquisition

ā€ƒVaginal sex is higher risk

1.6

0.9 (0.2ā€“3.7)

0.046

1.3

0.7 (0.1ā€“5.0)

0.103

ā€ƒAnal sex is higher risk

7.7

4.6 (1.5ā€“13.6)

0.0

0.0

ā€ƒOral sex is higher risk

0.0

0.0

1.1

6.7 (0.9ā€“36.8)

ā€ƒVaginal, anal and oral sex have similar risk

3.3

1.9 (0.8ā€“4.6)

6.8

4.1 (2.2ā€“7.3)

ā€ƒDonā€™t know

25.0

16.1 (1.9ā€“65.2)

0.0

0.0

Knowledge of the type of anal sex with the highest risk of HIV acquisition

ā€ƒReceptive anal sex is higher risk

7.0

4.2 (1.5ā€“10.8)

0.301

2.4

1.7 (0.2ā€“11.4)

0.555

ā€ƒInsertive anal sex is higher risk

0.0

0.0

2.9

1.4 (0.2ā€“9.6)

ā€ƒReceptive and insertive anal intercourse have similar risk

2.6

1.5 (0.7ā€“3.4)

5.0

2.9 (1.6ā€“5.2)

ā€ƒDonā€™t know

0.0

0

0.0

0

Concurrent sexual partners during the last 12ā€‰months

Male and female sexual partners

ā€ƒNo

5.0

2.9 (1.5ā€“5.6)

0.065

3.4

2.0 (0.9ā€“4.4)

0.579

ā€ƒYes

1.3

0.8 (0.2ā€“3.1)

4.6

2.7 (1.3ā€“5.7)

At least 2 male sexual partners

ā€ƒNo

2.9

1.7 (0.5ā€“5.2)

0.785

3.1

1.8 (0.7ā€“4.8)

0.509

ā€ƒYes

3.5

2.0 (1.0ā€“4.1)

4.6

2.7 (1.4ā€“5.1)

At least 2 female sexual partners

ā€ƒNo

4.1

2.4 (1.2ā€“4.6)

0.282

4.3

2.5 (1.4ā€“4.5)

0.639

ā€ƒYes

1.8

1.1 (0.3ā€“4.2)

3.0

1.7 (0.4ā€“6.8)

Condom use during the last sexual intercourse

With a regular male sexual partner

ā€ƒNo

1.9

1.1 (0.1ā€“7.4)

0.499

2.4

1.4 (0.4ā€“5.6)

0.665

ā€ƒYes

3.7

2.2 (1.1ā€“4.1)

3.4

2.0 (1.0ā€“4.2)

With a casual male sexual partner

ā€ƒNo

2.9

1.7 (0.2ā€“11.5)

0.776

3.0

1.8 (0.2ā€“11.8)

0.590

ā€ƒYes

4.0

2.3 (1.2ā€“4.4)

5.2

3.1 (1.7ā€“5.7)

With a regular female sexual partner

ā€ƒNo

5.9

3.5 (0.8ā€“13.3)

0.195

7.4

4.4 (1.1ā€“16.6)

0.433

ā€ƒYes

1.8

1.0 (0.2ā€“4.1)

3.9

2.3 (0.8ā€“6.0)

With a casual female sexual partner

ā€ƒNo

0.0

0.0

0.661

0.0

0

0.506

ā€ƒYes

1.6

0.9 (0.2ā€“3.6)

4.4

2.6 (1.0ā€“6.9)

Consistent use of condoms

With a regular male sexual partner

ā€ƒNo

4.9

2.9 (1.4ā€“6.0)

0.158

2.2

1.3 (0.4ā€“3.9)

0.359

ā€ƒYes

1.9

1.1 (0.4ā€“3.5)

4.1

2.4 (1.1ā€“5.3)

With a casual male sexual partner

ā€ƒNo

2.5

1.5 (0.4ā€“5.8)

0.481

5.8

3.4 (1.4ā€“8.1)

0.649

ā€ƒYes

4.4

2.6 (1.3ā€“5.1)

4.4

2.6 (1.2ā€“5.8)

With a regular female sexual partner

ā€ƒNo

4.1

2.4 (0.8ā€“7.3)

0.313

6.4

3.8 (1.2ā€“11.4)

0.472

ā€ƒYes

1.4

0.8 (0.1ā€“5.5)

3.6

2.1 (0.7ā€“6.5)

With a casual female sexual partner

ā€ƒNo

0.0

0 .0

Ā 

0.0

0.0

0.241

ā€ƒYes

1.9

1.1 (0.3ā€“4.3)

5.3

3.1 (1.2ā€“8.3)

Ever experienced condom breakage during anal sex with men (the last 12ā€‰months)

ā€ƒNo

1.7

1.0 (0.4ā€“2.7)

0.033

2.7

1.6 (0.7ā€“3.5)

0.093

ā€ƒYes

6.2

3.7 (1.6ā€“8.0)

6.6

03.9 (1.9ā€“8.1)

  1. *Married or cohabiting, divorced, separated