Table 1 Sample characteristics

EAP

[33, 34, 36, 37, 41, 42, 45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54, 74, 87, 96, 98, 101, 103, 108, 109, 118, 119, 136, 137]

ECA

[60,61,62, 73, 75, 76, 80, 88, 89, 104, 106, 107, 111, 120, 121, 130, 138,139,140,141]

LAC

[38, 43, 44, 56,57,58,59, 72, 90, 93, 94, 102, 124,125,126, 142,143,144]

MNA

[39, 70, 71, 81, 95, 99, 105, 110, 112, 113, 122, 123]

SAS

[35, 63, 64, 77, 82, 91, 92, 100, 145, 146]

SSA

[32, 40, 65,66,67,68,69, 79, 83,84,85,86, 97, 114,115,116,117, 147]

Multiple study regions

[55, 78]

LIC

[32, 79, 83, 92, 147]

LMC

[35, 40, 50, 52, 60, 63,64,65, 68, 69, 77, 81, 82, 88, 91, 100, 117, 130, 145]

UMC

[33, 34, 37,38,39, 41,42,43,44,45, 47,48,49, 51, 53, 54, 56,57,58,59, 61, 62, 66, 70,71,72,73,74,75,76, 79, 80, 84,85,86,87, 89, 90, 93,94,95,96,97,98,99, 101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116, 118,119,120,121,122,123,124,125,126, 136,137,138,139,140,141,142,143,144, 146]

Multiple income groups

[36, 46, 55, 78]

Urban

[32, 34, 38, 52, 56, 58, 61, 63, 66, 88, 93, 96, 102, 115, 124, 130, 136, 145]

Peri-urban

[85]

Rural

[65, 68, 89, 109]

Both urban and rural

[36, 37, 42, 43, 46,47,48, 53, 54, 64, 77, 81, 87, 99, 105, 108, 114, 119, 137, 141, 147]

Multiple

[78, 86, 110]

Not available

[33, 35, 39,40,41, 44, 45, 49,50,51, 55, 57, 59, 60, 62, 67, 69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76, 79, 80, 82,83,84, 90,91,92, 94, 95, 97, 98, 100, 101, 103, 104, 106, 107, 111,112,113, 116,117,118, 120,121,122,123, 125, 126, 138,139,140, 142,143,144, 146]

Clinic based

[49, 72, 74, 86, 101, 106, 126]

Community based

[37, 42, 46, 52, 56, 64, 70, 71, 78, 85, 87, 100, 109, 114, 117, 119, 143, 147]

Hospital based

[34, 35, 41, 43, 44, 47, 51, 57, 62, 65, 77, 84, 90, 94,95,96, 99, 104, 105, 110,111,112,113, 120, 121, 123, 125, 136, 138,139,140,141,142, 145]

School based

[33, 36, 39, 40, 45, 48, 50, 53,54,55, 58,59,60,61, 63, 66,67,68,69, 80,81,82,83, 98, 103, 115, 116]

Others

[32, 38, 47, 73, 75, 76, 79, 88, 89, 91,92,93, 97, 102, 107, 108, 122, 124, 130, 137, 144, 145]

Intoxication

[32, 33, 35, 36, 38,39,40]

Use

[32, 33, 36, 38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71, 79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86, 98, 101,102,103, 105,106,107]

Pathological use (i.e., Misuse, Abuse, Addiction, Dependence, Disorder)

[34, 37, 41, 43,44,45, 50, 56, 60, 64,65,66, 70, 72,73,74,75,76,77,78, 83, 84, 86,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97, 99,100,101, 104, 108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,123,124,125,126, 130, 136,137,138,139,140, 142,143,144,145,146,147]

Suicidal ideation

[32, 33, 36,37,38,39,40, 45,46,47,48, 50, 52, 55, 56, 58,59,60,61, 63, 67,68,69, 74, 78, 79, 81, 83, 86,87,88,89,90,91, 95, 100, 105, 117, 122, 126, 143]

Nonfatal suicidal behaviour

[33, 34, 42, 44, 46, 47, 50, 51, 53, 54, 56,57,58,59,60, 62,63,64,65,66, 70,71,72, 77, 78, 80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89, 93,94,95,96,97,98,99, 101,102,103,104, 106, 107, 111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,123,124,125, 136, 138, 139, 141,142,143,144,145,146,147]

Fatal suicide

[35, 41, 73, 75, 76, 108,109,110, 130, 137, 140]