BMC Public Health

Table 2 Pearson’s correlation coefficients between the selected variables

From: Correlates of healthy life expectancy in low- and lower-middle-income countries

	Y	X ₁	X ₂	X ₃	X ₄	X ₅	X ₆	X ₇	X ₈	X ₉	X ₁₀	X ₁₁	X ₁₂	X ₁₃	X ₁₄	X ₁₅
Y	1
X ₁	0.58**	1
X ₂	0.65**	0.55**	1
X ₃	0.58**	0.58**	0.75**	1
X ₄	−0.75**	−0.57**	−0.65**	−0.54**	1
X ₅	0.70**	0.71**	0.63**	0.50**	−0.73**	1
X ₆	0.50**	0.59**	0.55**	0.49**	− 0.59**	0.64**	1
X ₇	−0.43**	0.02	− 0.06	0.04	0.15	−0.28*	− 0.11	1
X ₈	0.62**	0.44**	0.51**	0.51**	−0.62**	0.56**	0.48**	−0.11	1
X ₉	0.76**	0.65**	0.60**	0.53**	−0.72**	0.82**	0.65**	−0.21	0.65**	1
X ₁₀	0.16	0.08	0.28*	0.33**	−0.02	−0.12	− 0.02	− 0.02	0.22*	− 0.16	1
X ₁₁	0.31**	0.14	0.35**	0.35**	−0.26*	0.05	0.11	0.13	0.51**	0.22*	0.42**	1
X ₁₂	0.44**	0.38**	0.42**	0.56**	−0.49**	0.39**	0.28*	0.10	0.3**	0.52**	0.03	0.44**	1
X ₁₃	0.32**	0.18	0.25*	0.29*	−0.22	0.27*	0.03	− 0.13	0.37**	0.31**	0.24*	0.60**	0.46**	1
X ₁₄	0.50**	0.27*	0.22	0.28*	−0.50**	0.31**	0.22	−0.11	0.52**	0.43**	−0.02	0.37**	0.45**	0.32**	1
X ₁₅	0.18	0.13	0.29*	0.29*	−0.26*	0.31**	0.32**	−0.25*	0.29*	0.21	0.04	0.16	0.15	0.14	0.09	1

Notes: ‘*, p < 0.05, and **, p < 0.01’; ‘Y, Healthy life expectancy’; ‘X₁, Mean years of schooling’; ‘X₂, Gross national income per capita’; ‘X₃, Health expenditure’; ‘X₄, Total fertility rate’; ‘X₅, Physician density’; ‘X₆, Carbon dioxide emission rate’; ‘X₇, Human immunodeficiency virus prevalence rate’; ‘X₈, Improved drinking water sources using rate’; ‘X₉, Improved sanitation using rate’; ‘X₁₀, Freedom of the press’; ‘X₁₁, Corruption perceptions index’; ‘X₁₂, Prison population rate’; ‘X₁₃, Economic freedom’; ‘X₁₄, Achieving a level of health-related Millennium Development Goals’; ‘X₁₅, Urban population (% of total)’

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