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Table 4 Associations between ethnicity and metabolic risk factors, adjusted for infectious burden categories

From: Ethnic differences in infectious burden and the association with metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a cross-sectional analysis

 

Adjusted modela

Adjusted model + IBb

 

OR (95%-CI)

OR (95%-CI)

Diabetesd, c

Dutch

Reference

Reference

Moroccan

3.51 (1.97–6.25)

2.78 (1.44–5.38)

Turkish

2.41 (1.32–4.42)

2.14 (1.03–4.20)

Elevated cholesterole, d

Dutch

Reference

Reference

Moroccan

0.98 (0.63–1.51)

0.74 (0.44–1.25)

Turkish

1.64 (1.07–2.52)

1.30 (0.78–2.16)

Hypertensionf, e

Dutch

Reference

Reference

Moroccan

0.46 (0.30–0.71)

0.39 (0.23–0.66)

Turkish

0.68 (0.44–1.05)

0.60 (0.36–1.00)

  1. Bold = significantly different from the reference group within the specified model, a Adjusted for age, sex, education level, current cigarette smoking, physical activity and BMI, b Adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, education level, current cigarette smoking, physical activity, BMI and IB. IB infectious burden measured by the number of infections (HSV1, HSV2, HAV, HBV, HCV and H.pylori) a participant was seropositive for, categorized into low (0–2 infections), intermediate (3 infections) and high (4–6 infections). With the term infection we in this study refer to antibody seropositivity, a measure reflecting current or past infection., c Diabetes was measured by self-report and/or glucose > 11.0 mmol/L and/or HbA1c > 6.5%, d Elevated cholesterol was measured by self-report and/or total/HDL-cholesterol ≥5 mmol/L, e Hypertension was measured by self-report and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg or SBP ≥ 140 mmHg